Mu muco wa kera ho, ubukwe bwashoboraga kumara umwaka cyangwa ibiri kubera imihango itandukanye yabukorerwagamo irimo kurambagiza, gufata irembo, gusaba, gukwa,gushyingira, kuramukanya n’ibindi byose byitegurwaga bikomeye.

Umwaka urashize ibyo bisa n’ibihagaze kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyahagaritse ubuzima bwa benshi, by’umwihariko ibirori nk’ibyo byahuzaga abantu benshi.

Nubwo abatahaga ubukwe bahombye ibirori,biragoye kwiyumvisha agahinda k’abageni bari barahize ko ‘Vision 2020’ itazabasiga bakiri ingaragu, babara ibihumbi by’inshuti n’abavandimwe bazaba babashagaye, bakaba barabukoze bashagawe n’abafotozi gusa, cyangwa barabusubitse batazi igihe Covid-19 izacogorera ngo ibirori bisubukurwe.

Ubukwe buri mu byahereweho bihagarikwa ubwo icyorezo cyabonekaga mu Rwanda ariko nyuma Guverinoma yaje kubona ko ari kimwe mu by’ingenzi kandi bifite uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’umuryango Nyarwanda, irabukomorera ariko ababutaha bagirwa mbarwa.

Umwaduko wa Coronavirus wacecekesheje abakomeye n’aboroheje, ba bandi bafite ibya mirenge bakora ubukwe batishimiye kubera amabwiriza yo kwirinda icyorezo. Hari ababanje kwihagararaho basubika amatariki bazi ko bizacogora bakabukora uko babyifuza, icyorezo kibabera gitindi nticyasubira inyuma.

Abenshi bahebeye urwaje, bemera gukora ubukwe bujyanye n’amabwiriza agena umubare ntarengwa w’ababwitabira kuko ntawe uzi amaherezo ya COVID-19. Nk’uwifitiye amikoro wari warakusanyije amamiliyoni azabukoreshamo, yatunguwe no gusanga birangiye bwemerewe gutahwa n’abatarenze 20.

Guhinduka k’uburyo ubukwe butahwamo, bivuze guhinduka kw’imyiteguro, imigendekere n’ubushobozi byari bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri uwo muhango.

IGIHE yaganiye na bamwe mu bakoze ubukwe n’abateganya kubukora muri uyu mwaka urenga COVID-19 imaze ihagaritse ubwisanzure bwa muntu, bamwe batangaza ko bahuye n’igihombo mu gihe abandi babyinira ku rukoma.

Uwitwa Nkurikiyumukiza Valens yagize ati “Ku byerekeranye n’amafaranga, kubera ko ababwitabira aba ari bake n’amafaranga yo kubakiza aba make.[…] Icyakora ku bijyanye n’ibindi nk’inkwano n’ibikoresho byo mu rugo rushya ho nta gihinduka biranakorwa, ariko muri rusange twakoresheje amafaranga make.”

Inkuru ya Nkurikiyumukiza ihuye n’iya Emma (izina ryahinduwe) n’abandi benshi bayibara wumva bafite akanyamuneza, bakavuga ko byaborohereje kuko “bya bindi byo gutinya gukora ubukwe ngo nta mafaranga ahagije ahari” bitakibaho. Buri wese mu mikoro ye arabukora kandi atanenzwe kunanirwa gucyura abashyitsi.

Nubwo bwose gukora ubukwe buhenze byagabanutse buri wese akisanga mu cyiciro cyose yaba arimo, ababyishimira bavuga ko babangamirwa no kuba ubukwe budatahwa n’umuryango wose cyangwa inshuti magara zawo.

Mukanoheri Hanorine wabukoze mu ntangiriro za 2021, yagize ati “Ntiwakumva uburyo niyumvaga, iyo nabonaga nambaye agatimba nta bantu babyinira imbere yanjye! Za soni z’umugeni no kumva uhanzwe amaso n’abo mwakuranye, inshuti, abavandimwe n’ababyeyi ntabyo wiyumvamo. Mbese ni amaburakindi ariko ibyishimo byo ntabyo.”

Ku wa 3 Mata 2021, nabwo hari ubukwe umunyamakuru wa IGIHE yatashye ariko abageni basohotse mu rusengero bakomereza mu rugo rushya, ya mihango yose yo kwiyakira no kuvuga imisango nta byabaye. Ku maso y’abo mu miryango y’abageni nta byishimo nk’ibyabatashye ubukwe byahagaragaraga. Ntibyari bisanzwe ko saa kumi ubukwe buba bwarangiye.

Igihombo ku batishyurwa intwererano bahaye abandi

Akenshi uwakoze ubukwe atwererwa n’inshuti ze cyangwa abo bakorana kuko umuryango wo ni nk’ihame ntiwagomba kubwirizwa. Ni igikorwa cy’ubushake ariko bamwe bagifata nko kugurizanya, ku buryo uwo atwereye bibarwa nk’ideni amugiyemo nawe azamwishyura.

Abafata intwererano nk’inguzanyo basanga nubwo bakoresha amafaranga make mu bukwe bahura n’igihombo gikomeye kuko abo batwereye batabasha kubishyura, bitewe n’uko baba batatumiwe mu bukwe.

Ufitimana Bernard yavuze ati “Niba naratwereye abantu barenga 100,bakaba batarantwereye kuko batatumiwe cyangwa se bazi ko ubukwe nta mafaranga menshi buransaba, urumva ko nahombye cyane.”

Yakomeje avuga ko umubare ntarengwa w’abagomba kwitabira ubukwe wagizwe urwitwazo na bamwe mu baba birengagiza gushyigikira ababateye inkunga mu bukwe bwabo, ati “Iyo babonye batari ku rutonde rw’ababuzamo bareka no gutwerera kandi bazi neza ko bidashoboka gutumira bose mu ibi bihe”.

Abateganya gukora ubukwe nabo bari muri ibyo byiciro bibiri, aho bamwe bishimiye kutazatakariza menshi mu bukwe ahubwo bakayifashisha bubaka urugo rushya, mu gihe abandi bababajwe n’akebo katazajya iwa mugarura.

Ingaruka ku rugo rushya rwirwanyeho

Siyansi yemeza ko amarangamutima nk’ibyishimo cyangwa umubabaro ugize mu gihe runaka hari uruhare bishobora kugira ku mitekerereze yawe n’uko ubana n’abandi.

Padiri Amerika Victoir uzobereye iby’imibanire, yavuze ko ubukwe ari ikintu gihuza umuryango ukishimana ndetse mu migendekere yabwo hakabamo imwe mu migenzo y’umuco ikora umugeni ku mutima, ku buryo kuba bitakibaho hari icyo byahungabanyije.

Ati “Umukobwa kuva iwabo hari ibyo yabaga yari amenyereye,[yatekereza ko abisize] akarira. Kuriya kurira yabonaga abamuba hafi ariko muri iki gihe bisa n’aho atabyemerewe kuko atabona abo aririra, abamuha impanuro bamusezera ntabo abona kubera ko bitemewe. Ibyo ni ibintu bikomeye kandi byangiza imiterere y’ubukwe.”

Padiri Amerika yongeyeho ko ubusanzwe ubukwe ari ikintu umuntu atifasha wenyine “haba hakenewe ko afatanya n’abandi”, ariko gushyiraho umubare ntarengwa “byatumye buba kn’uburi ku mutwe w’umusore n’umukobwa gusa”. Icyo gihe uruhare rw’umuryango n’inshuti ntiruboneka.

Nk’uko bamwe mu bakoze ubukwe mu bihe bya COVID-19 baganiye na IGIHE bahamije ko batagitwererwa, Padiri Amerika yavuze ko ibyo nabyo bifite icyo byangije kuko umuryango mushya uba ukeneye inkunga y’inshuti n’imiryango kugira ngo wiyubake; “ariko ubu bisa n’aho biyubakira urugo ku giti cyabo mu bushobozi basanganywe”.

Amerika yanagaragaje ko ingo zubakwa muri ibi bihe “zishobora kuzahungabana mu minsi iri imbere” cyane ko abenshi bari kuzubaka batahawe impanuro ngo babe bazi ibyo bazazisangamo bamenye uko babyihanganira.

Ku rundi ruhande,umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze n’ubuvuzi bw’indwara ziyishingiyeho, Yubahwe Janvier, yasobanuye ko nta ngaruka zishingiye ku mitekerereze zaba ku bari gukora ubukwe mu bihe bya COVID-19 kuko “babutegura babizi neza ko buzitabirwa na bake”.

Yakomeje ati “Icyakora nk’abari babupanze mbere y’uko buhagarikwa, Leta ikaba yarahagaritse ibirori baramaze kubupanga bwegereje bo byabagiraho ingaruka mu mitekerereze.”

Umwanditsi, umusizi akaba n’umuhanga ku muco n’amateka by’u Rwanda, Nsanzabera Jean de Dieu, we asanga gukora ubukwe muri ibi bihe ari ukunyuranya n’umuco, kuko “ubundi mu bihe by’ibyorezo ntabwo hakorwa ibirori”.

Yagize ati “Mu muco Nyarwanda nta bukwe bubaho hariho icyorezo. Buriya mu Rwanda hari ibyorezo byinshi byakomezwaga no kurongorana. Ubwo rero iyo Igihugu gihangayitse kirimo nk’intambara cyangwa icyorezo umuco wacu ntiwemera ubukwe n’ibindi byo kwishimisha, kugeza gicitse cyangwa urwo rugamba rurangiye.”

Icyizere cy’uko Covid-19 yarangira vuba aha kiracyari gike nubwo inkingo zikomeje gutangwa hirya no hino ku Isi.Uko bukeye n’uko bwije, icyorezo kirihinduriza, kigahangara inkingo zimwe na zimwe zari zamaze gutanga icyizere. Ibibazo biri mu isaranganywa ry’inkingo zacyo nabyo biracyari uruhuri,kuko ibihugu bikize bisa n’ibizikubira,bigatuma ibikennye bikomeza kugorwa no kuzazibona.

Ubukwe ni umwe mu mihango ikomeye umuntu akorerwa abigizemo uruhare

Inzobere mu mibanire zigaragaza ko kuba ubukwe bwarabaga abageni bashagawe byari bifite inyungu ikomeye