Sheikh Abdul Karim Harerimana umwe mu bagize urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Inararibonye, yigeze kubwira IGIHE ko bamwe mu bari bagize Local Defense Force bibonye uko batari, bakora ibitandukanye n’inshingano bihawe biba kimwe mu byatumye urwo rwego ruseswa rubura igihe gito ngo rwizihize imyaka 20 rubayeho.

Ni urwego rwabaye ikimenyabose mu Rwanda mu myaka yatambutse, ariko ishusho y’ibibi iganza iy’ibyiza byakozwe, biba intandaro yo kuruvanaho mu 2013.

Local Defense Force yashyizweho igihugu kiri mu bibazo bikomeye by’umutekano muke wakomotse ku ngaruka za Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ingabo ntabwo zari zihagije ngo igihugu gisubire ku murongo mu mutekano, Polisi yo ntiyari yakabayeho kuko yaje mu 2000. Hari hakenewe urundi rwego rwunganira, rugafasha gucunga umutekano, gutanga amakuru ku gihe no gukumira icyaha kitaraba.

Local Defense Force yashinzwe ikenewe cyane ariko umwaka wagiye gushira bamwe batangiye kuyinuba biba ngombwa ko Minisitiri w’Umutekano atanga itegeko riyihagarika, nyuma yo kugaragara mu bikorwa byinshi bihungabanya umutekano w’abaturage aho kuwurinda nk’uko byari mu nshingano.

Abakuru bibuke neza abasore n’abakobwa b’imyenda y’umutuku wijimye, mu bice by’icyaro hari ababitaga uruyumba kubera imyenda n’ingofero bambaraga zasaga n’ibishyimbo byitwa gutyo.

Ni umurimo w’ubwitange bakoraga badahemberwa, abenshi ari abasore n’inkumi bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 30, bagahabwa amasomo y’igihe gito bakagaruka gukorera aho bavukiye.

Local Defense ivuguruye

Mu myaka ya 1998, u Rwanda rwagize ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutekano, ibitero by’abacengezi bari biganjemo abasize bakoze Jenoside, byisukiranya mu Majyaruguru no mu Burengerazuba. Byabaye ngombwa ko habaho kuvugurura itegeko rishyiraho Local Defense ikagaruka kunganira inzego z’umutekano cyane cyane mu baturage.

Urwo rwego rusubiraho mu 1998 Sheikh Harerimana yari Minisitiri w’Umutekano mu gihugu. Yabwiye IGIHE ko abaturage aribo bicaraga bagatoranya abagomba kujya muri urwo rwego, bagahugurwa nyuma bakagaruka gufasha mu gucunga umutekano.

Buri karere kabaga gafite abagize urwo rwego bitewe n’abaturage bagatuye ariko bivugwa ko babaga bari hagati ya 150 na 250.

Ahenshi mu turere, itsinda ry’abantu bagera ku icumi bagize urwo rwego, ryabaga rifite imbunda zabikwaga ku rwego rwa Leta ruri hafi, zikifashishwa ku mugoroba bagiye ku burinzi gusa ntibyabuzaga ko hari abazijyana mu rugo no mu bindi.

Mu mwaka wa 2000 Polisi y’u Rwanda imaze kubaho, amajwi y’abanenga Local Defense Force yari amaze kuba menshi ariko impamvu zo kurugumishaho zari zikiri nyinshi.

Hari umwe mu bayobozi bakuru muri Polisi wigeze kubwira itsinda ry’intumwa zo muri Denmark no mu Bwongereza ko icyifuzo cyari uko nibura habaho umupolisi umwe ku baturage igihumbi, nyamara icyo gihe nibura umupolisi umwe yabarirwaga gucungira umutekano abaturage 3000. Ibyo byatumaga abagize Local Defense Force bakenerwa kugira ngo bafashe mu kuziba icyo cyuho cy’abapolisi bake.

Biyumvise uko batari

Nta wahangara kuvuga ko abari bagize urwo rwego bose bakoraga nabi, harimo abakoraga neza ari nayo mpamvu urwo rwego rutahise ruseswa. Icyakora amajwi menshi yagaragaza ko ibintu atari shyashya.

Guhera mu myaka ya 1999 gukomeza, hakomeje gutangwa amakuru y’amakosa n’ibyaha bikorwa n’abagize Local Defense Force ku kigero cyo hejuru. Bagiye bashinjwa ibyaha byo kwica, gufata ku ngufu ubujura , guhohotera abaturage babakubita n’ibindi.Hari nubwo hagati yabo bashyamiranaga, bakarasana.

Leta yakomeje gukomera kuri Local Defense kuko inshingano zayo zari zikenewe cyane, nk'urwego rwari rwegereye cyane abaturage mu by'umutekano

Sheikh Harerimana yavuze ko hari aho bageraga bakumva ko babaye ibitangaza. Ati “Abaturage nibo bicaraga bakavuga bati uriya mwana n’uriya nibo dushaka ko bajya muri Local Defense y’aha iwacu. Tuza kugira ibyago imyumvire ntiyaba myiza, abo basore n’abahungu bagombaga no gutanga raporo kuri Polisi ibegereye, hari ubwo bahabwaga n’intwaro nimugoroba zo kurinda agace batuyemo mu gitondo zigasubira kuri polisi, hari aho bitwaye nabi, bakumva ko babaye igitangaza.”

Mu myaka ya 2000 hari nk’aho abo basore bashinjwa kuba barishe barashe abagore batatu b’abacuruzi muri Byumba, muri iyo Perefegitura ahitwa Kivuye nanone mu kabari harasirwa abantu batanu bikozwe n’abagize Local Defense Forces n’ibindi.

Muri Werurwe 2003, abagize urwo rwego bo muri Gitarama barashe uwari ushinzwe imibereho myiza muri iyo ntara. Muri Nyakanga 2008, The New Times yanditse ko umwe mu bari bagize Local Defense Force mu karere ka Nyagatare, yarashe akica umunyeshuri ku ishuri rya Umutara Polytechnic University.

Byatumye umwe mu batuye Kayonza yandikira icyo kinyamakuru agira ati “Abagize Local defense bamaze igihe bijandika mu bwicanyi butari ngombwa, bakica abaturaga badafite intwaro bitwaje ko bahawe imbunda […] birakwiriye ko ubuyobozi bufatanta bugahindura amateka mabi yaranze Local defence force.”

Akenshi ababaga bakoze ibyaha barafatwaga bagahanwa ariko mu maso y’umuturage ntabwo ishusho y’ayo mabi yashoboraga gusibangana byoroshye.

Inama rusange ya Sena yateranye kuwa 29 Ukwakira 2009, yari yakoreye ubugororangingo raporo ya Komisiyo y’ububanyi n’amahanga, ubutwererane n’umutekano, igaragaza ko urwego rwa Local Defense rufite ikibazo mu mikorere.

Iyi raporo ya Sena yagaragaje ko mu igenzura ryakozwe mu baturage, uru rwego rwa Local Defense rwari rufitiwe icyizere kingana na 54% gusa mu gihe izindi nzego nka Polisi yari ifite 97%, naho igisirikari kikagirirwa 98%.

Sheikh Harerimana yabwiye IGIHE ko bamwe mu bari bagize urwo rwego bibonye ukundi, bibagirwa inshingano nyamukuru yo gucunga umutekano.

Ati “Uzi ko umuturage yanamubwiraga ngo kuki witwara uko, ati se ni wowe wampaye uyu mwenda? Bibonye ukundi kutari ko, bitari muri gahunda za Leta. Nicyo gituma akenshi bagendaga bakurwamo, bagahindurwa, bigeze basanga ahari muri sisiteme ibashyiraho hashobora kuba harimo ibibazo, haza gufatwa icyemezo ko basimbuzwa.”

Umwanzuro warafashwe, Local Defense Force ikurwaho

Impungenge z’abaturage zakomeje kuba nyinshi, mu 2013 hasohoka itegeko rikuraho Local Defense Force, hashyirwaho urundi rwego rwa DASSO, rushinzwe kunganira uturere mu gucunga umutekano.

Mu bemerewe kujya muri urwo rwego rushya, bamwe mu bari bagize Local Defense barakomorerewe ariko hatoranywa abagaragaje imyitwarire myiza mu kazi.

Polisi y’igihugu yahawe inshingano zo kubanza gutoza abagiye kwinjira muri DASSO kugira ngo babanze kwigishwa imiterere y’akazi bagiye gukora.

Bitandukanye na Local Defense Force, abagize DASSO si abakorerabushake, barahembwa kandi abenshi bafite ikigero runaka cy’amashuri, abenshi barangije ayisumbuye.

Nubwo DASSO nayo atari shyashya mu baturage, Sheikh Harerimana yavuze ko akazi kabo gakorwa neza n’ukoze amakosa akayakora ku giti cye kandi akabibazwa.

Inshingano za DASSO zirimo gufasha gukumira ibyaha, gufata no gushyikiriza inzego zibifitiye ububasha abanyabyaha, guperereza no gushyikiriza amakuru yerekeye umutekano ababishinzwe, no kurinda ibikorwa remezo byose biri aho bakorera, bakanafasha mu bihe by’ibiza.
Nubwo bitari ku rwego rumwe n’izindi nzego z’umutekano, icyizere abaturage bafitiye DASSO kiruta kure icyo bari bafitiye Local Defense Force.

Ubushakashatsi bwa Karindwi bw’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Imiyoborere (RGB) bizwi mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza nka ‘Rwanda Governance Scorecard (RGS)’ buherutse gusohoka, bwagaragaje ko abaturage bafitiye icyizere Dasso ku kigero kiri hagati ya 80 na 90%.

Ni mu gihe icyizere abaturage bafitiye Ingabo na Polisi ziri hejuru y’impuzandengo iri hejuru ya 90%.

Kurikirana ikiganiro IGIHE yigeze kugirana na Sheikh Abdul Karim Harerimana

Abari bagize Local Defense Force bakunze kugirirwa icyizere gike n'abaturage, bituma hafatwa umwanzuro wo gusesa urwo rwego