Umwanzuro w’uru rukiko wasomwe kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki ya 27 Ugushyingo 2020 mu kirego yatanze muri Nzeri 2017. Yaburanirwaga n’abanyamategeko bo muri Canada aho kuba Me Rudakemwa Jean Félix wamuburaniye mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda.

Utegeka u Rwanda kwishyura Mugesera n’umuryango we [ni ukuvuga umugore we Gemma Uwamariya] miliyoni 25 Frw y’uko ngo hari uburenganzira bwe butubahirijwe, burimo ko yangiwe gusurwa n’umuryango we.

Rwategetse kandi ko ahabwa umuganga wigenga uzajya ukurikirana ubuzima bwe, agatanga n’inama y’uko bwarushaho kubungabungwa kimwe n’ubundi bufasha bukenewe.

Gusa rwanze gutegeka ko u Rwanda rujya mu biganiro na Canada ku buryo Mugesera ariho yajya kurangiriza igihano cye cy’igifungo cya burundu, ruvuga ko ibyo bireba ibihugu aho kuba urukiko.

U Rwanda ntirwigeze rugaragara muri uru rubanza kuko kuva mu myaka ine ishize rwagaragaje ko rutemera imikorere yarwo.

Ni urukiko u Rwanda rutemera

Uru rukiko rwatakaje ubushobozi bwo kuburanisha ibibazo byerekeye uburenganzira bwa muntu hagati y’u Rwanda n’abandi bantu, nyuma y’aho rwemereye uwakatiwe kubera ibyaha bya Jenoside kurutangamo ikirego.

Mu 2013 nibwo u Rwanda rwasinye amasezerano n’urwo rukiko ko Umunyarwanda ku giti cye cyangwa itsinda ry’Abanyarwanda bashobora gutangamo ikirego kijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Icyemezo cyo kwikura muri aya masezerano cyafashwe nyuma y’uko hari uwahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside agahunga, nyuma akagendera kuri ayo masezerano agahabwa umwanya n’urukiko nk’Umunyarwanda wahutarijwe uburenganzira bwe.

Uwatanze iki kirego ni Stanley Safari wahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside akaza guhunga. Mu 2009 uyu wahoze ari Umusenateri yahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside n’ibifitanye isano nayo n’Urukiko rwa Gacaca rwo mu Karere ka Huye, akatirwa gufungwa burundu.

Iki gihano cyasanze amaze iminsi mike ahunze ariko ashyirwa ku rutonde rw’abashakishwa na Polisi Mpuzamahanga.

Muri Gashyantare nibwo u Rwanda rwoherereje urukiko inyandiko igira iti “Repubulika y’u Rwanda ibinyujije mu budahangarwa bwayo, yikuye mu masezerano yasinye ku wa 22 Mutarama 2013, agena ububasha bw’urukiko rurengera ubutabera n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, by’umwihariko mu ngingo ya 5 (3) igena uburyo bwo kwakira ibirego, kugeza isuzumwe igakorerwa ubugororangingo.”

Ni urukiko rudafite ubushishozi

Umusesenguzi akaba n’Umushakashatsi kuri Jenoside, Tom Ndahiro, yabwiye IGIHE ko uru rukiko rwakunze kurangwa no kudashyira mu gaciro, ku buryo wagira ngo abacamanza baba barangaye.

Ati “Noneho baje ku ruhande rwa Mugesera. Ngo kubuza umuryango we kubonana na we. Sinzi niba umuryango we warigeze kuza inaha bakamwangira. Uwo muntu yoherezwa, byakozwe na Canada kubera uruhare yagize mu kwamamaza ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi. Ukibaza niba umuntu uca urubanza yarakurikiranye uko Mugesera yavuye mu Rwanda mu 1993 kugeza igihe yagaruriwe mu 2012.”

Ndahiro yakomeje avuga ko uru rukiko rwirengagije uburemere bw’ibyo Mugesera yahamijwe, kuko we yatanyije imiryango n’abayo mu buryo bw’iteka.

Ati “Si ukubuza abantu kubonana n’ababo ahubwo ni no gutuma imiryango izima. Ni nk’aho umuntu utegura umugambi wa Jenoside bimuha uburenganzira bwo kubaho akina ku mubyimba abo yishe n’abagize amahirwe yo kurokoka.”

“Nk’umucamanza ni umuntu uba wagiye mu mwanya w’umwishi, akivana mu mwanya w’uwishwe n’uwiciwe. Icyo kintu cyo kwitandukanya n’akababaro k’umuntu wishwe n’uwiciwe, ni indwara yo mu mutwe yitwa Empathy Deficit Disorder. Kutishyira mu mwanya w’umuntu wababaye ukishyira mu mwanya w’umuntu wateye akababaro kandi kadasanzwe.”

Ndahiro yavuze ko yibaza niba nta kintu kiri inyuma y’imikorere y’uru rukiko, kuko rwo ubwarwo rukwiye kuba rubazwa “ibyo rukora rudashyize mu gaciro”.

“Kugana uru rukiko ni uguta umwanya”

Umunyamategeko akaba n’Umwarimu muri Kaminuza uzobereye imikorere y’Inkiko Mpuzamahanga, Me Bayisenge Emmanuel, yabwiye IGIHE ko kuba u Rwanda rutemera imikorere y’uru rukiko, nk’igihugu cyigenga gifite ubudahangarwa, icyemezo cyose cyafatwa cyaba gishingiye ku nzira za politiki kurusha iz’amategeko.

Ati “Wasigara wibaza n’uburyo kizashyira mu bikorwa. Ugiye mu buryo bw’urubanza, ukareba guhatira igihugu gukomeza kukiburanisha, ngira ngo banaruburanishije u Rwanda rudaharari, utiriwe wita ku ireme ry’imyanzuro, wasigara wibaza uburyo imyanzuro izashyirwa mu bikorwa.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Niba rero igihugu cyivanye muri urwo rukiko, ubwabyo biba bisobanuye ko n’ibyo bavuga batabyemera. Binavuze ko n’imyanzuro yarwo aba ari imyanzuro idafite agaciro kanini ku gihugu, kuko ntiwaba utahaye agaciro uwafashe icyemezo hanyuma ngo uze guha agaciro ibyemezo yafashe cyane ko biba binagaragara ko n’igihugu kiba kitarahawe umwanya wo kubivugaho.”

“Nta gitangaza ko hashobora kuba hari ibintu bimwe urukiko ruba rwarabonye ariko kuko aba ari urubanza rw’umwe biba bigoye kugira ngo wumve imiterere y’ikibazo.”

Me Bayisenge yakomeje avuga ko kuba u Rwanda rutemera uru rukiko, ubwabyo bisobanuye ko umuntu wese warugana, yaba ata umwanya mu gihe yaba akeneye ubutabera n’imyanzuro ijyanye n’amategeko.

Ati “Abarugana barega u Rwanda, ni uguta umwanya yaba ku rukiko ubwarwo n’abarugana niba koko ikiba kigamijwe ari amategeko n’ubutabera. Yaba ari urwo rukiko ntirubiyobewe kimwe n’abanyamategeko, ni ukugira ngo gusa bivaniremo ibikomeza kuzenguruka mu bitangazamakuru nk’ibi no kugira ngo ibyari inyungu z’amategeko, abafite inyungu za politiki basohoke bajye kubigaragaza. Ni uwo musaruro wonyine bashobora kubivanamo.”

Uyu munyamategeko kandi yagaragaje inenge ziri mu myanzuro y’uru rukiko, kuko nta kintu na kimwe rwigeze runenga inkiko z’u Rwanda zahamije Mugesera ibyaha bya Jenoside cyangwa se amakosa mu buryo yaburanishijwe nk’uko yareze abigaragaza, ahubwo rurarenga rumusabira indishyi ku bintu bigoye kubonera ibimenyetso mu gihe u Rwanda rutitabiriye iburanisha.

Me Bayisenge yavuze ko uru rukiko mu byerekeye ibyaha, rwemeje ko mu byo yaburanaga asaba nta shingiro bifite ariko rurahindukira ruvuga ko umuryango we wababaye.

Ati “Ukibaza uburyo ibyo aryozwa yari kubibazwa adafunzwe. Muri icyo cyemezo nta reme harimo no kwivuguruza.”

Me Bayisenge yakomeje avuga ko hakwiye no kwibazwa ku bwoko bw’ibimenyetso uru rukiko rwaba rwarabonye, bigaragaza ko [Mugesera] ufunze hari uburenganzira bwe bwahutajwe.

Ati “Niba bavuga ngo umuntu ntiyasuwe, baba bararebye mu bitabo bya gereza? Bakwerekana se igihe basabye Viza hanyuma uwo muntu bakanga ko yinjira mu gihugu? Ibyo byose ni ibyo nibaza. Noneho warangiza ugaha umugore indishyi, uruhande rubirimo utaruhaye umwanya? Kugira ngo ibyo bintu byemezwe, ni uko abashinzwe imfungwa n’abagororwa baba baratanze ibimenyetso byemeza ko iby’uregwa avuga bifite ishingiro.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Ni umwanzuro uri mu murongo wa politiki kurusha uburenganzira bwa muntu.”

Yakomeje avuga kandi ko mu manza zose za Jenoside, nta cyemezo na kimwe cyigeze gitegeka ko abagizweho ingaruka na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bagira icyo bahabwa, ariko uyu munsi “hari icyemezo cy’uko umugore n’abana b’uwabigizemo uruhare bahabwa indishyi.”

Ati “Ni nko kuvuga imisoro y’abanyarwanda ihabwe Mugesera.”

Mugesera Léon wahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside yakatiwe gufungwa burundu