Ibi bigo by’Icyitegererezo mu Burezi Nyafurika [African Centers of Excellence], ni umushinga mugari watewe inkunga na Banki y’Isi aho muri rusange mu Rwanda hashyizwe bine birimo icyigisha ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya internet ariko ikoresha ibintu bitandukanye [African Center of Excellence in Internet of Things, ACEIoT].

Ikindi kigo ni icyigisha ibijyanye no gutunganya ingufu hagamijwe iterambere rirambye [African Center of Excellence in Energy for Sustainable Development, ACEESD], Ikigo cyigisha Uburezi, Imibare na Siyansi [African Centre of Excellence for Innovative Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science, ACEITLMS] n’Ikigo cyigisha gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru [African Center of Excellence in Data Science, ACE-DS].

Ni ibigo bibarizwa muri Kaminuza 24 zo mu bihugu umunani birimo n’u Rwanda. Abanyeshuri biga muri ibi bigo ni abarangije kwiga icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza bafite amanota menshi aho baturuka mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika.

Umunyeshuri wemerewe kwiga muri African Centers of Excellence afashwa ibintu byose, aho bishyurirwa ibijyanye n’aho kuba n’ibibatunga, bagafashwa byihariye mu bijyanye n’ubushakashatsi ndetse mbere y’icyorezo cya Covid-19, bahabwaga kujya gukorera ubushakashatsi hirya no hino ku Isi.

Aha umunyeshuri yari ari gusobanurira abayobozi barimo na Papias Malimba Musafiri ubushakashatsi bwe

Kwiga muri ‘African Centers of Excellence’ ni amahirwe adasanzwe

Aho ibi bigo bitandukaniye n’izindi kaminuza, ni uko ibikorerwamo byose bikorwa ku bufatanye n’izindi kaminuza mpuzamahanga ku buryo ibijyanye no kwigisha, abarimu ubushakashatsi n’ibindi usanga hari abarimu baturuka muri za kaminuza zikomeye muri Amerika, i Burayi n’ahandi batanga amasomo muri ibi bigo.

Undi mwihariko ariko, bitewe n’uko usanga hari abanyeshuri bavuye mu bihugu bitandukanye bifasha mu gusangizanya ubumenyi. Ibi byose bikiyongeraho ibikorwa remezo byose bikenerwa muri ayo masomo baba biga; urugero nka za laboratwari, za mudasobwa, internet igezweho n’ibindi bifasha mu koroshya itangwa ry’amasomo.

Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cyigisha gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru [African Center of Excellence in Data Science, ACEDS], Dr Ruranga Charles, yabwiye IGIHE ko ibi bigo byaje gukemura ibibazo byose bijyanye n’ireme ry’uburezi byakunze kuvugwa ku burezi butangirwa muri Afurika.

Ati “Iyo ushyizeho ibikorwa remezo bikenewe, za laboratwari, internet, ibitabo n’ibindi ariko n’abarimu bafite ubushobozi kandi barabyigiye.”

Akomeza avuga ko ikindi kintu gikomeye gifasha mu ireme ry’uburezi ni ukuba abiga muri ibi bigo baba baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye bityo hakabaho kungurana ubumenyi.

Nk’urugero rw’abiga Masters muri iki kigo cya ACEDS [gifite ishami muri UR i Gikondo], Dr Ruranga abereye umuyobozi harimo abanyeshuri baturutse mu bihugu by’u Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya n’ahandi muri Afurika.

Muri iki kigo cya ACEDS, abanyeshuri bigamo ni 124 baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye harimo 48 batangiranye n’icyiciro cya mbere mu 2017, icya kabiri kirimo 22, icya gatatu ni 54. Ni mu gihe muri PhD bose hamwe muri ibyo byiciro bitatu ari 40.

Dr Ruranga asaba by’umwihariko abiga muri ibi bigo kubyaza umusaruro amahirwe n’ubumenyi bavoma muri ibi bigo ndetse n’abiga muri za kaminuza zisanzwe cyangwa abakiri mu mashuri yo hasi kwiga neza kugira ngo bagire amanota meza abemerera kuzajya muri ibi bigo.

Dr Ruranga Charles yavuze ko ibi bigo by’icyitegererezo bigiye gukemura ibibazo byose bijyanye n'ireme ry'uburezi mu Rwanda na Afurika muri rusange

Abavomye ubumenyi muri ibi bigo babivuga imyato

Abanyeshuri batangiranye n’ibi bigo ubwo byatangizwaga mu Rwanda mu myaka ya 2017, muri bo abiga Masters bamaze kurangiza ndetse banamuritse ibitabo banditse igisigaye ni uguhabwa impamyabumenyi mu gihe abari kwiga PhD bageze mu mwaka wa nyuma.

IGIHE yaganiriye na bamwe mu barangije amasomo muri Masters bagaragaza amahirwe adasanzwe bagize yo kwiga muri ibi bigo, uko biteguye gukoresha ubumenyi bahavomye ku isoko ry’umurimo cyangwa kwihangira imirimo n’ishimwe bafite cyane ko bize bishyurirwa buri kimwe kugeza barangije.

Muterampundu Jeannette arangije mu kigo cyigisha Uburezi, Imibare na Siyansi, ACEITLMS, giherereye muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Ishami ry’Uburezi riri i Rukara mu Karere ka Kayonza. Nyuma yo kumara imyaka igera ku icumi ari umwarimu mu mashuri yisumbuye, yaje kubona bourse yo kujya kwiga muri iki kigo, aho yagiyeyo mu 2019.

Muterampundu avuga ko ubumenyi yavomye muri iki kigo buzamufasha nk’umwarimu mu gushimangira ireme ry’uburezi ryifuzwa ariko akaba yiteguye no gusangiza ubumenyi bujyanye n’imyigishirize igezweho abandi barimu batagize amahirwe yo kwiga muri ibi bigo.

Ati “Ni ubumenyi buzadufasha gushimangira ireme ry’uburezi n’ubundi cyane cyane umuntu yita ku myigire n’imyigishirize no mu baturage aho tuzaba tugenda n’ubwo utaba uri kwigisha hari ubundi buryo ushobora gufasha abantu. Ikindi ni ugufasha abarimu bagenzi bacu tubereka uburyo bugezweho bwo kwigisha.”

Avuga ko ku rundi ruhande, kwiga muri iki kigo byamufunguye cyane mu bijyanye n’imyigire ariko nanone bitewe no kwigana n’abanyamahanga byatumye azamura urwego rw’ubumenyi.

Yagize ati “Ikintu cya mbere nashishikariza abakiri muri kaminuza ni uko bakwiga baharanira kuzagera muri ibi bigo, bazabishobozwa no kwiga neza bakagira amanota menshi. Ibi bigo bibamo amahirwe menshi atandukanye, ikindi iyo uri kwiga ushyigikiwe, ubufasha turabuhabwa mu buryo bw’amafaranga, bituma udatangira kwiga uvuga uti ese amafaranga y’ishuri nzayakurahe?”

“Ikindi nanone ni uko ibi bigo byita ku kintu cyitwa ubushakashatsi kuko tuba dufite umubare w’ibitabo ugomba kwandika. Nkanjye nanditse icya mbere mfite icya kabiri kandi nta n’ubwo nzahagarara gukora ubushakashatsi aho nzaba ndi hose.”

Muterampundu yavuze ko kuri ubu we n’abandi banyeshuri biganye bahise bakora Ihuriro Nyafurika rihuriyemo abashakashatsi ku bijyanye n’imibare na siyansi aho bagira umunsi bahura bakaganira bareba aho buri wese ageze ubushakashatsi bwe, bakamuha ibitekerezo ndetse bafite intego yo kuzicara bagakora ubushakashatsi ku bihugu bitandukanye bakaba babuhuriza hamwe.

Niyitegeka Janvier, arangije Masters muri African Centers of Excellence aho we yari mu bigaga mu kigo cyigisha ibijyanye na murandasi ikoresha ibintu, ACEIoT.

Avuga ko yungutse ubumenyi bwo gukoresha internet mu bikorwa byinshi abantu bari basanzwe bakora kandi bigatwara umwanya muto n’amafaranga make. Ni uburyo kandi ushobora gukoresha mu nzego zirimo ubuhinzi, ubuvuzi, gutwara abantu n’ibintu n’ibindi.

Atanga ingero z’uko nko muri ibi bihe bya Covid-19, hashobora kuboneka abarwayi benshi kandi ubushobozi bwo kubakira cyangwa aho kubakirira hakaba hato bikaba ngombwa ko barwarira mu ngo zabo akaba ariho inzego zishinzwe ubuzima zibakurikiranira.

Ati “Ubwo rero dukoresheje nk’iryo koranabuhanga, dushobora gukora nk’agakoresho umuntu ashobora kuba arwariye mu rugo, akambara ako gakoresho gashobora kujya gatanga amakuru ajyanye n’uko ubuzima bwe buhagaze noneho umuganga uri ku bitaro akaba yamenya ayo makuru akaba yagira inama uwo murwayi yo kuba yajya ku kigo nderabuzima cyangwa ibitaro bimwegereye agahabwa ubufasha.”

Niyitanga avuga ko nko mu byo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, hari ikoranabuhanga rishobora gufasha nk’imodoka ziri muri gare gutanga amakuru ku mugenzi akaba yamenya niba hari imodoka iri ku murongo irimo imyanya cyangwa akaba yibereye nko mu rugo iwe akamenya umubare w’imodoka ziri muri gare zijya mu cyerekezo ashaka kuza kujyamo bityo akaza kuva mu rugo yagera muri gare agahita yicara mu modoka atabanje gutonda umurongo.

Inzozi zabaye impamo ku banyamahanga

Abanyamahanga biga muri ibi bigo babivuga imyato ndetse ni bamwe mu bafite icyizere cyo kuzana impinduka muri Afurika nk’uko byasobanuwe na Joseph Chikaphonya Phiri ukomoka muri Malawi.

Arangije kwiga icyiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n’amashanyarazi aho yigaga mu kigo cyigisha ibijyanye no gutunganya ingufu hagamijwe iterambere rirambye.

Joseph Chikaphonya Phiri yabwiye IGIHE ko yaje kwiga muri iki kigo kubera impamvu ebyiri z’ingenzi kandi yishimira ko ibyo yari yiteze yabonye ibirushijeho.

Ati “Impamvu ya mbere ni ukubera ko namenye ko iki kigo gifite ibikoresho bihagije bikora ibijyanye n’ingufu zisubira muri laboratwari. Nari nzi ko ninza muri iki kigo, nzahabona ikoranabuhanga rigezweho muri ayo masomo.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Icya kabiri ariko kuba nturuka muri Afurika y’Amajyepfo, nakundaga gusoma amakuru nkabona iterambere ry’u Rwanda nkumva igihe cyose nshaka kuhaza ngo mbashe kuryibonera ubwanjye.”

Kuri we, uburyo porogaramu cyangwa amasomo biga aba ateguye, byamuhaga umwanya munini wo gukora ubushakashatsi, kandi ngo byaramufashije cyane mu kugira ubumenyi bwo kuba yakemura ibibazo bitandukanye byugarije we ubwe cyangwa aho ahereye.

Ati “Integanyanyigisho nayo ituma duhura n’abarimu baturutse muri kaminuza zitandukanye muri Afurika nka Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda na Zambia ndetse n’izindi kaminuza zo ku mugabane w’u Burayi na Amerika.”

“Muri uko gusangizanya ibibazo n’ibisubizo muri uru rwego rw’ingufu byatumye tugira ubumenyi tubona uko dushobora kubona ibisubizo by’ibibazo abaturage ba Afurika bafite by’umwihariko muri uru rwego rw’ingufu.”

Chikaphonya yavuze ko amasomo bize azamufasha gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’ingufu zisubira byamufashije mu gukemura ibibazo birimo kugeza amashanyarazi ku baturage b’igihugu cye cya Malawi by’umwihariko hifashishijwe umuriro udakomoka ku mashanyarazi.

Imibare ya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko kugeza uyu munsi abanyeshuri bo mu cyiciro cya Gatatu cya Kaminuza muri ibi bigo basaga 500 mu gihe abasaga 170 bari kwiga icyiciro gihanitse, PhD.

Ubuyobozi bwa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda kandi butangaza ko nibura mu mwaka umwe buri kigo kigenerwa ingengo y’imari ya miliyari 1 Frw akoreshwa mu bikorwa byose birimo n’ubushakashatsi.

Umuyobozi wa ACEDS, Dr Ruranga Charles, ari kuganira n'abanyeshuri

Kuri ACEDS batanga n'amasomo y'igihe gito ku bakozi bari mu kazi

Kuri ACEIoT bahabwa amahugurwa ku kugurutsa utudege duto (Drones)

Kuri ACEITLMS, abarimu bigisha imibare na siyansi mu mashuri yisumbuye nabo bahabwa amahugurwa y'igihe gito

Muterampundu Jeannette warangije Masters muri ACEITLMS UR- CE i Rukara. Yavuze imyato ubumenyi yavomye muri iki kigo cy'icyitegererezo mu burezi bw'u Rwanda