Imibare ya International Growth Center igaragaza ko mu 2020 mu Rwanda hari ibinyabiziga birenga ibihumbi 220, ibigera kuri 52% byari mu cyiciro cya moto mu gihe ibindi bya 38% byari imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange. Ibinyabiziga bigera ku bihumbi 30 muri ibi byose bibarizwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Ubushakashatsi bwasohowe mu 2018 ku ihumanywa ry’ikirere bwagaragaje ko imyuka yanduza ikirere n’umwuka byo muri Kigali ituruka ahanini ku binyabiziga kuko 95,2% by’imodoka zikorera ku butaka bwo mu Rwanda zimaze nibura imyaka 10 zivuye mu ruganda.

Bitewe n’uyu mwuka mubi, ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko kuva mu 2012 kugera mu 2015, umubare w’abantu bajyanwa kwa muganga bafite indwara z’ubuhumekero wikubye kabiri, ugera ku barenga miliyoni 3,3.

Mu rwego rwo gukomeza guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imyuka ihumanya ikirere u Rwanda rugenda rushyiraho ingamba na politike zitandukanye. Bumwe mu buryo buri kwifashishwa ni ukwimakaza ikoreshwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Ubushakashatsi buzwi nka ‘EV Study4’ bwakozwe ku ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bwagaragaje ko nibura u Rwanda rukwiriye guhindura 30% bya moto zose zikorera mu gihugu zigatangira gukoresha amashanyarazi. Ibi kandi rugomba kubikora kuri 8% by’imodoka z’abantu ku giti cyabo, 20% bya bisi zikorera mu gihugu ndetse na 25% by’izindi modoka nto zikora ingendo rusange nazo zikazaba zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Kugeza ubu n’ibikorwaremezo byo gufasha ibi binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi biri kugenda birushaho kwiyongera mu Rwanda cyane cyane mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Urugero nk’ikigo cya EvP Charger Network kiri mu bifite sitasiyo zifasha mu kongera amashanyarazi mu binyabiziga, gifite gahunda yo kubaka sitasiyo 19 hirya no hino muri Kigali, izigera kuri eshanu zamaze gutahwa. Zirimo ebyiri zishobora gukoreshwa hongerwa umuriro muri moto n’imwe yakoreshwa hongerwa umuriro mu modoka.

Jerry Ndayishimiye ushinzwe ubucuruzi n’imenyekanishabikorwa muri EvP Charger Network mu kiganiro yagiranye na IGIHE yavuze ko no mu minsi mike izi sitasiyo zose zizaba zamaze kuboneka.

Ati “Izisigaye (sitasiyo) n’izindi ziri mu nzira zizagenda zishyirwa ahantu hatandukanye muri Kigali ndetse no mu gihugu hifashishijwe amasezerano atandukanye tugenda tugirana n’ibigo bitanga ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu Rwanda bifite sitasiyo hirya no hino mu gihugu.”

Kugeza ubu iki kigo cyamaze kugirana amasezerano na RUBIS yo gushyira sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi hafi y’iz’iki kigo.

Ati “Urugero hari gahunda yo gushyira sitasiyo zacu kuri buri sitasiyo ya RUBIS (40 mu gihugu na 19 muri Kigali) nk’uko amasezerano dufitanye na RUBIS abigena.”

EvP Charger Network kuri ubu iri gukorana n’inzego zitandukanye za leta harimo na Ministeri y’ibikorwaremezo kugira ngo haboneke ahazashyirwa sitasiyo z’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi nibura kuri buri kilometero 50 cyangwa 60 cyane cyane ku mihanda ihuza Kigali n’utundi turere.

Nubwo ikijyanye n’ibiciro kikiri kwigwaho, iki kigo cyemeza ko bizaba biri munsi ku kigero kiri hagati ya 40% na 60% ugereranyije n’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Ubuyobozi bwa EvP Charger Network bugaragaza ko sitasiyo z’iki kigo zifite ubushobozi bwo kongera umuriro kugeza kuri 100% mu minota itarenze 30 kuri moto z’amashanyarazi ndetse n’iminota iri hagati ya 40 na 60 ku modoka z’amashanyarazi bitewe n’ingano ya bateri y’ikinyabiziga.

Ikindi ni uko ikoranabuhanga ry’iki kigo rifasha abafite ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi kuba bashyiramo iminota mike y’umuriro igihe bihuta batabasha gutegereza kuzuza 100%.

Inyungu ku bayobotse uyu muvuno

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari ibigo bitandukanye bikora ubucuruzi bw’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi ndetse n’ibifite sitasiyo zifashishwa mu kongera umuriro muri ibi binyabiziga.

Muri ibi bigo harimo Volkswagen ,Ampersand ,Safi ,Victoria Motors ,GuraRide na Rwanda Electric Motocycles.

Bamwe mu Banyarwanda batangiye gukoresha ibinyabiziga by’ibi bigo bavuga ko birimo inyungu ugereranyije no gukoresha ibijyamo lisansi na mazutu.

Dufate urugero ku mu motari ukorera i Kigali akoresha moto inywa lisansi, nibura uyu munsi wagenze neza cyane ashobora gukorera ibihumbi 30Frw, agakuramo ibihumbi 12Frw bya lisansi. Nibura buri cyumweru agomba kujya mu igaraji rimwe kumenesha amavuta, aha ahatanga agera kuri 6800 Frw.

Iyo ubaze usanga aya mafaranga umuntu ukoresha moto ya lisansi asohora ntaho ahuriye n’ukoresha moto y’amashanyarazi. Mu gihe uyu na we yinjiza ibihumbi 30 Frw ku munsi, iyo bigeze ku mafaranga atakaza mu bijyanye n’ingufu we aragabanuka cyane kuko nibura ku munsi asimbuza bateri inshuro eshatu kandi buri uko agiye gusimbuza yishyura 1500Frw. Bivuze ko ku munsi akoresha 4500Frw, mu gihe mugenzi we yanyoye lisansi ya 12 000Frw.

Uyu mumotari ukoresha moto y’amashanyarazi we agira n’inyungu y’uko ya 6800Frw ya buri cyumweru yo kumenesha amavuta ntayo atanga.

Etienne Ndagijimana ni umwe mu bamotari bakorera mu Mujyi wa uvuga ko amaze umwaka urenga atangiye gukoresha moto ya Ampersand iri mu zikoresha amashanyarazi.

Mbere yo gukoresha iyi moto, Ndagijimana avuga ko ku munsi nibura yashoboraga gukoresha lisansi y’ibihumbi 10Frw, yakuramo ayo gukoresha moto, ayo kwishyura nyiri moto, kurya n’ibindi byose nkenerwa agasanga nibura ku munsi abasha kwizigamira 1800 Frw.

Kuva uyu mugabo w’imyaka 33 yatangira gukoresha iyi moto y’amashanyarazi avuga ko nibura ku munsi yizigamira arenga 1100Frw mbere yajyaga atanga agura lisansi, ukongera n’andi yakoresha mu kumena amavuta.

Iyo abaze nibura amafaranga abasha kwizigamira buri munsi asanga arenga 3800 Frw. Ibi bivuze ko iyo ugereranyije na mbere amafaranga yizigamiraga yazamutseho 50%.

Muri iki gihe ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byiyongereye, Ndagijimana avuga ko amafaranga yizigamira yarushijeho kwiyongera agereranyije n’abandi basangiye umwuga.

Gitwaza na we ukora akazi ko gutwara abantu akoresheje moto ya Ampersand, avuga ko yabibonyemo inyungu kuko ubu atagitakaza amafaranga menshi akoresha muto ye nk’uko byari bimeze mbere.

Ati “Amafaranga yo gukoresha moto y’amashanyarazi aba ari hasi kuko tudakenera kumenesha amavuta ndetse no kuyagura, ubu mbasha kwinjiza amafaranga menshi no kwizigamira. Mbere najyaga mu igaraji nibura kabiri mu cyumweru.”

Nibura iyo moto ya Ampersand yuzuye ishobora kugenda kilometero ziri hagati ya 60 na 90 umuntu atarakenera guhindura bateri.

Nibura igihe umumotari agiye guhinduza bateri bimufata umunota umwe, igihe kiri munsi y’icyo umuntu amara ari kongeresha lisansi muri moto.

Mu rwego rwo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere yaterwaga na moto, Leta y’u Rwanda yatangije gahunda yo guhindura moto zakoreshaga lisansi kugira ngo zitangire gukoresha amashanyarazi.

Byitezwe ko bizagera mu myaka itanu moto ibihumbi 30 zizakorwaho aya mavugurura, ibintu bizagabanya toni ibihumbi 157 by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere zoherezaga kuko moto imwe nibura buri mwaka yohereza mu kirere toni 5 z’ibi byuka.

EvP Charger Network ifite sitasiyo zifite ubushobozi bwo kuzuza bateri ya moto mu minota 20

Abashoramari bari koroherezwa

Bitewe na gahunda zitandukanye u Rwanda rwagiye rushyiraho, buri mwaka mu gihugu hinjira abashoramari bashya bifuza gushyira amafaranga mu bijyanye no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubwikorezi no gutwara abantu butangiza ikirere.

Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije igaragaza ko gahunda Leta y’u Rwanda yihaye yo gutangira gukoresha imodoka z’amashanyarazi izarusaba nibura gushora agera kuri miliyoni 900$ (Miliyari 900 Frw), aya mafaranga azakoreshwa mu kugeza izi modoka mu gihugu ndetse no gushyiraho ibikorwaremezo bitandukanye zikenera kugira ngo zikore neza. Uru kandi ni urugendo rudashoboka bitagizwemo uruhare n’abashoramari.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yafashe gahunda yo korohereza abashoramari bari muri uru rwego haba mu buryo bw’amafaranga cyangwa n’ubundi bwose bushoboka.

Mu byo aba bashoramari bazagabanyirizwa harimo n’igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kuri station izi modoka zizajya zikoresha zongerwamo amashanyarazi. Ikindi ngo ni uko ibyuma by’izi modoka bizajya bigabanyirizwa umusoro.

Uretse kutishyura umusoro ku nyongeragaciro no kuri gasutamo ibi byuma bizajya byishyura umusoro ugabanyijeho 5%.

Ubundi bufasha aba bashoramari bazahabwa harimo kuba batazajya bishyura ubukode bw’aho bubatse station z’amashanyarazi mu gihe cyose ari ku butaka bwa Leta.

Imodoka zo muri ubu bwoko kandi ngo zizajya zihabwa ibirango byihariye ku buryo zizajya zoroherezwa kubona aho guparika. Mu gihe izi modoka ziri gukoreshwa mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi kandi zizajya zoroherezwa kubona ibyangombwa.

Mu gihe Leta igiye gukodesha imodoka mu bikorwa bitandukanye hazajya haherwa kuri izi zikoresha amashanyarazi, mu gihe ibigo bizikora n’ibizicuruza bizajya bigabanyirizwa umusoro kandi bigashyirirwa igihe runaka bizajya bimara bitawishyura.

Nubwo gutangira gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y’ikoreshwa ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda bisa n’ibihenze, Leta y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko mu gihe kirekire ibifitemo inyungu.

Mu nyigo yakozwe na Guverinoma byagaragaye ko bizagera mu 2025 u Rwanda rumaze kuzigama arenga miliyari 20 Frw yajyaga agenda mu bikorwa byo gutumiza ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu mahanga.

Imibare yerekana ko mu 2008 mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rwatumizaga mu mahanga, ibikomoka kuri peteroli byari byihariye 3,3%, mu 2008 iri janisha ryaje kuzamuka rigera kuri 8,1%, byageze mu 2014 ibikomoka kuri peteroli byihariye 19,5% by’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga. Mu 2019 iri janisha ryari kuri 16,7%.

Imibare ya The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC) igaragaza kandi ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli ari bimwe mu bicuruzwa u Rwanda rukenera cyane kandi rukabishoramo akayabo, nk’aho nibura buri mwaka hatangwa miliyoni 411$, amafaranga ari hejuru y’ayo rushora mu kugura imiti.

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro igaragaza ko kuva mu 2018 imodoka 150 zikoresha amashanyarazi zinjiye mu Rwanda, umubare wazo wiyongera cyane guhera mu 2021 bijyanye n’uko leta yari imaze koroshya uburyo bwo kuzitunga, binyuze mu kuzikuriraho imwe mu misoro.

Ugereranyije n’imodoka zisanzwe zikoresha lisansi cyangwa mazutu, izikoresha amashanyarazi ntabwo zigoranye mu kuzitaho, ntizihumanya ikirere kandi zigira uruhare mu kugabanya ibikomoka kuri peteroli bitumizwa hanze ku kigero cya 15%.

Sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi ziri kugenda zubakwa hirya no hino mu Mujyi wa Kigali