Mu 1994 u Rwanda rwakoreshaga Megawatt 42,25 zatangwaga n’inganda eshanu mu gihe ubu rufite Megawatt 227. Icyo gihe amashanyarazi yakoreshwaga cyane mu bikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ibindi ariko mu ngo ntiyakoreshwaga cyane.
Muri gahunda u Rwanda rwihaye muri gahunda yarwo y’imyaka irindwi (NST1) ya 2017-2024 ni uko ruzaba rufite Megawatt zingana na 556.
Umwaka wa 2020 ufite igisobanuro cyihariye ku bijyanye no gucanira abaturarwanda. Mu ntangiriro za Mutarama nibwo REG yujuje umufatabuguzi wa miliyoni imwe ukoresha amashanyarazi y’umuyoboro mugari.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REG, Eng. Ron Weiss, yavuze ko ari intambwe nziza yatewe ariko hakiri ibyo gukora byinshi.
Yagize ati “Kurenga 50% bifite igisobanuro cyiza kuri twe. Dufite abakiliya barenga miliyoni bagerwaho n’amashanyarazi afatiye ku muyoboro mugari n’abasaga ibihumbi 400 bakoresha izindi ngufu.’’
Mu 1994, inganda zatunganyaga amashanyarazi zirimo izavuguruwe zirimo Ntaruka, Mukungwa, Gihira, Gisenyi na Rusizi I n’iya II.
Ati “Twavuye kure ariko nk’umuntu uheruka mu Rwanda nko mu 2010 yabonye amatara make ariko ubu ugenda mu kirere cy’u Rwanda abona amatara mu ngo, imihanda iracaniye kandi amashanyarazi ameze neza.’’
Umunyarwanda yegerejwe amashanyarazi mu rugendo rugikomeza
Mu rwego rwo kurushaho kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu, Leta y’u Rwanda yihaye intego yo kugeza kuri buri rugo amashanyarazi, yaba afatiye ku muyoboro mugari cyangwa atawufatiyeho yiganjemo akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.
REG igaragaza ko mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2019/2020, ingo zahawe amashanyarazi afatiye ku muyoboro mugari zisaga ibihumbi 134 naho izisaga ibihumbi 62 zihabwa adafatiye ku muyoboro rusange.
Umuhuzabikorwa wa Gahunda yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu cyaro ikorera muri REG, Reuben Ahimbisibwe, avuga ko hari imishinga myinshi irimo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi hirya no hino mu gihugu, hubakwa imiyoboro itandukanye ndetse n’aho itari bagahabwa amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.
Yagize ati “Uyu mwaka ushize twubatse imiyoboro ireshya n’ibilometero bisaga 839 by’imiyoboro mito (Low Voltage) ari nayo abaturage bafatiraho amashanyarazi bajyana mu ngo zabo, tunubaka ibilometero bigera kuri 363 by’imiyoboro iringaniye idufasha kuyakwirakwiza mu bice binyuranye.”
Ahimbisibwe avuga ko uretse abaturage bahabwa amashanyarazi ku ikubitiro, abatuye ahageze imiyoboro bakomeza kugenda bayahabwa, bityo imibare y’abayagezwaho igakomeza kwiyongera.
Ati “Intego Leta yacu yihaye yo gucanira Abanyarwanda izagerwaho nta kabuza. Ubu dufite indi mishinga myinshi hirya no hino mu gihugu aho turimo kubaka iyi miyoboro ku buryo muri uyu mwaka twizeye kuzacanira izindi ngo zirenga ibihumbi 100.’’
Ahageze amashanyarazi imibereho irahinduka
Bamwe mu baherutse guhabwa amashanyarazi bavuga ko yabaruhuye ingendo bakoraga bajya gushaka serivisi mu mijyi ndetse akanatuma urubyiruko rwihangira imirimo.
Musekankora Jean utuye mu Kagari ka Murangara, Umurenge wa Mubuga mu Karere ka Karongi, yagize ati “Uyu muriro waje tuwukeneye mu by’ukuri kuko dufite ibikorwa byinshi bikenera umuriro w’amashanyarazi birimo nk’inganda zitunganya ikawa zikoreshwa n’umuriro w’amashanyarazi.”
Yavuze ko mbere y’uko umuriro w’amashanyarazi uhagera wasangaga igihe cyo gusudira cyangwa kubaza bisaba kujya gukodesha moteri cyangwa bakarinda kubijyana aho umuriro wageze mbere.
Ati “Urumva ko abantu bahavunikiraga cyane. None rero ubwo dusubijwe hano izo mashini zisudira n’izibaza zigiye kugera iwacu tujye tubyikorera.”
Abasi Jean utuye mu Kagari ka Mubuga, mu Murenge wa Nyabirasi mu Karere ka Rutsiro, umwe mu itarangwagamo na gato amashanyarazi, ubwo bayahabwaga yavuze bari barayategereje igihe kirekire, mbese ko yumva ari nk’igitangaza.
Ati “Ni ukuri n’uwakwitahira (yitabye Imana) uyu munsi yagenda avuga ko asize amashanyarazi ageze i Nyabirasi, ko yayabonye. Ari nk’ahantu bagera ikuzimu bakaganira, yabwira abo asanzeyo ko i Nyabirasi amashanyarazi yahageze. Turashimira cyane ubuyobozi bwacu bubidufashije, Imana izabahe umugisha rwose turishimye.”
Havugimana Janvier watangije "papeterie" ubwo yari amaze kubona amashanyarazi. Ubu anatanga serivisi zo kwandika, gufotora n’iz’Irembo mu Murenge wa Gihengeri mu Karere ka Nyagatare.
Yagize ati “Amashanyarazi ataraza inaha, nari naragiye mu mujyi gushakirayo ubuzima. Ariko ubu kuva aho ahagereye, nahise ngaruka inaha nanjye nihangira imirimo. Nahise ntangira serivisi zitandukanye harimo n’iz’Irembo ku buryo ubu umuntu uzikeneye, araza akandeba nkamufasha adakoze urugendo rurerure kandi nanjye akanyishyura.”
Havugimana avuga ko ubu bucuruzi bwe bumuteza imbere ku buryo yishimiye. Avuga ko ku munsi akorera amafaranga atari munsi ya 5000 Frw, mu gihe ku kwezi akoresha umuriro utarengeje amafaranga 2000 Frw.
Imibare igaragazwa na REG yerekana ko ubu ingo zifite amashanyarazi zisaga 55% ubariyemo izifite amashanyarazi afatiye ku muyoboro mugari n’izifite amashanyarazi adafatiye ku muyoboro mugari.
– Izingiro ry’ubwiyongere bw’abagerwaho n’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda
Mu gusobanura umusingi w’iterambere ryagezweho, Eng. Ron Weiss avuga ko ari umusaruro w’Ubuyobozi bwiza bw’u Rwanda n’ubufatanye bwa Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo.
Yagize ati “Imiyoborere myiza ya Perezida Kagame niryo pfundo rya mbere ry’iterambere ry’Ingufu mu Rwanda. Duhabwa kandi inkunga iva mu bafatanyabikorwa batandukanye. Tubona inkunga nini iva muri Guverinoma y’u Rwanda no kuri Perezida, idufasha buri gihe kwitwara neza. Bijyanye n’icyerekezo cy’igihugu cyo gukorera hamwe, turi kugerageza kugera ku ntego.’’
Imishinga ihanzwe amaso izasiga buri Munyarwanda agerwaho n’amashanyarazi
U Rwanda rwihaye intego ko mu 2024, buri muturarwanda azaba ashobora gukoresha amashanyarazi yaba afatiye ku muyoboro mugari cyangwa izindi ngufu (amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba).
Mu gihugu hari inganda 43 zikora mu gihugu muri zo 31 zubakiye ku ngomero z’amazi, hari n’izindi z’imirasire y’izuba, nyiramugengeri, Amashyuza ari mu Kiyaga cya Kivu n’ibindi.
Eng. Ron Weiss yavuze ko hari imishinga yagutse iri gukorwaho izatuma igihugu kirushaho kwihaza ku mashanyarazi.
Yagize ati “Harimo Uruganda rwa Hakan Peat to Power rw’amashanyarazi aturuka kuri nyiramugengeri izatanga Megawatt 70, hari n’inganda zo ku rwego rw’Akarere zirimo urwa Rusumo [ruhuriweho n’u Rwanda, Burundi na Tanzania], ni umushinga wa Megawatt 80 ariko tuzabona Megawatt 27. Tunafite Rusizi III (u Rwanda ihuriweho na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo n’Uburundi), uyu uzatanga Megawatt 200, tuzabona Megawatt 67.’’
– Guverinoma ikeneye miliyari $1,5 azifashishwa mu kugeza amashanyarazi ku Banyarwanda bose
Mu 2000 abari bafite umuriro w’amashanyarazi bari 2%, mu mwaka wa 2010 bageze ku 9%,muri uyu mwaka abagerwaho n’ amashanyarazi ni 55%. Biteganyijwe ko bazaba ari 100% mu 2024, ibintu bizatuma iterambere ry’ u Rwanda muri rusange rirushaho kwiyongera.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda iri gushakisha miliyari $1.5 zo kwifashishwa mu bikorwa bizageza amashanyarazi kuri bose bitarenze 2024.
Mu ntangiriro za Mutarama 2020 nibwo REG yujuje umufatabuguzi wa miliyoni imwe ukoresha amashanyarazi y’umuyoboro mugari.
REG ibara ko mu Rwanda hari ingo miliyoni 2.8, bivuze ko izigikeneye kugezwaho amashanyarazi ari miliyoni 1.4. Nyamara bijyanye n’iterambere ry’igihugu, habarwa ko kugeza mu 2024 hazaha harubatswe inzu nshya miliyoni imwe, ku buryo kugeza amashanyarazi ku 100% bisaba kugeza amashanyarazi ku ngo miliyoni 2.4.
Zimwe mu ngomero zirimo kubakwa zizatuma ingano y’amashanyarazi yiyongera; harimo megawatt 70 zizaturuka mu ruganda rwa Hakan, izo ngufu zizakomoka kuri nyiramugengeri mu karere ka Gisagara.
Hari megawatt 56 zizakomoka kuri Gaz Methane zizatangwa na Shema Power Lake Kivu Ltd irimo kubakwa mu Karere ka Rubavu. Hari uruganda rwa KivuWatt narwo ruri mu kiyaga cya Kivu mu Karere ka Karongi rutanga megawatt 26 ndetse hari na gahunda zo kuzongera.
Haza kandi megawatt 80 zizatangwa n’umushinga wa Rusumo zigabanywe u Rwanda, Tanzania n’u Burundi. Buri gihugu kizabona megawatt 27 zivuye kuri uyu mushinga uherereye ku ruzi rw’Akagera, ku Rusumo ku mupaka w’u Rwanda mu karere ka Kirehe na Ngara muri Tanzania.
Hari megawatt 43.5 zizatangwa na Nyabarongo II. Muri Mata 2019 nibwo Leta y’u Rwanda yasinyanye amasezerano avuguruye na sosiyete y’ubwubatsi y’Abashinwa yitwa ‘SynoHydro’ yo kuzubaka uru rugomero, rwitezweho ko ruzatangira gukora mu myaka itanu rutwaye miliyoni 214 z’amadolari.
Hari n’umushinga wa Rusizi III uhuriweho n’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, wa miliyoni zisaga 625 z’amadolari, ukazatanga megawatt 147 ariko ukazongerwa ubushobozi bwo gutanga megawatt 230.
Uru rugomero ruzubakwa ku mugezi wa Rusizi uri hagati y’u Rwanda, Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’u Burundi, rukazatuma miliyoni z’ingo zo muri ibi bihugu zigerwaho n’amashanyarazi, kimwe n’inganda nto n’iziciriritse.
Uburyo abantu bagerwaho n’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda byakomeje guhinduka ku muvuduko uri hejuru.
Mu 2010 u Rwanda rwatunganyaga megawatt 97, ubu zigeze kuri megawatt 227 ndetse byitezwe ko kugeza mu 2024 haziyongeraho izindi megawatt zisaga 300 ku muyoboro mugari w’amashanyarazi.
Biteganywa ko mu 2024 abakoresha amashanyarazi, 52% bazaba bakoresha ay’umuyoboro mugari naho 48% bakoresha akomoka ku zindi ngufu nk’imirasire y’Izuba.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO