Urwego rushinzwe kugira inama Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa no gukurikirana ibibazo birebana n’ibyemezo by’ubutegetsi, Conseil d’Etat, rwemereye Graner kureba izi nyandiko muri Kamena umwaka ushize.

Rwari urugendo rugoye kuko amategeko yagenaga ko ibikarito birimo izo nyandiko bitagomba gufungurwa mbere ya 2055.

Muri ibyo bikarito, harimo za telegaramu zivuga ku bijyanye na dipolomasi hagati y’ibihugu, inyandiko zigenewe Perezida, incamake y’ibyabaga mu Rwanda, inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki zanditswe n’abajyanama bo muri Elysée, incamake z’amagambo yavugirwaga mu nama z’umuhezo z’abayobozi mu nzego z’umutekano.

Izi nyandiko zari zimaze imyaka 26 nta muntu uzica iryera, zirimo kandi ibitekerezo bya Perezida, ibya Minisitiri w’Intebe n’iz’abandi bayobozi bakuru mu gihugu.

Mu mezi atandatu ashize, nibwo Umushakashatsi François Graner yabonye uburenganzira bwo kureba muri izi nyandiko. Bimwe mu byo yabonye, bigaragaza uko ubutegetsi bwa François Mitterrand bwitwaye mu bibazo by’u Rwanda icyo gihe n’uruhande bwari bufite.

Graner yavuze ko muri icyo gihe amategeko na politiki y’u Bufaransa k’u Rwanda yavaga hejuru ajya hasi kandi aturutse ku itsinda ry’abantu bake. Ati “Politiki y’u Bufaransa yakoreshwaga mu Rwanda, yari ishingiye ku itsinda ry’abantu bake ba hafi ya François Mitterrand.”

Yakomeje avuga ko François Mitterrand hamwe n’abayobozi bakuru batatu aribo batangaga amabwiriza, muri rya tsinda rito ryakoraga byose.

Ati “Abajenerali Christian Quesnot [wari umujyanama mu bya gisirikare, General Jacques Lanxade (Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo) na General Jean Pierre Huchon (wari Umuyobozi ushinzwe imikoranire mu bya gisirikare) bari bafite umurongo umwe. Bakoreraga mu ruziga, bagaha ibitekerezo François Mitterrand.”

Aba basirikare uko ari batatu bari ku rutonde rwashyizwe ahagaragara n’u Rwanda rw’abasirikare 22 b’u Bufaransa bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nka Christian Quesnot wabaye Umugaba w’ingabo wihariye wa Perezida Mitterand kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 1995, ni we wamenyeshaga ubuyobozi bw’ingabo ibikorwa bya gisirikare by’ingabo z’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda, byaba ibyakorwaga ku buryo buzwi cyangwa bwihishe. Mu nyandiko zose yagejeje kuri Perezida Mitterand, Christian Quesnot yasabiraga ubufasha bukomeye ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana n’ingabo zabwo.

Tariki 29 Mata 1994, nyuma y’ibyumweru bitatu jenoside itangiye, Christian Quesnot yanditse amagambo asebya FPR agira ati “FPR ni ishyaka ry’ ‘aba “fachistes” ntari nabona ahandi. Umuntu yarigereranya n’aba “Khmers noirs”. Bafitanye akagambane n’Ababiligi”.

Amiral Jacques Lanxade we yabaye Umugaba w’ingabo wihariye wa Perezida François Mitterand kuva muri Mata 1989 kugeza muri Mata 1991, nyuma aba umugaba w’ingabo (kuva Mata 1991 kugeza Nzeri 1995).

Jacques Lanxade yatsimbararaga ku myumvire ivuga ko FPR igizwe n’Abagande ndetse akanayitiranya n’Abatutsi bose muri rusange. Mu bitekerezo bye, buri Mututsi yafatwaga nk’ingabo ya FPR, umwanzi w’u Bufaransa ugomba kurwanywa.

Jenerali Jean-Pierre Huchon yari yungirije Quesnot kuva muri Mata 1991 kugeza muri Mata 1993, nyuma aba umuyobozi ushinzwe iby’ubutwererane mu bya gisirikare kuva muri Mata 1993 kugeza mu Ukwakira 1995.

Mu kazi ke, yashimangiye ibitekerezo by’ivanguramoko anahuza ibikorwa by’itangwa ry’intwaro, amasasu n’ibindi bikoresho bya gisirikare byagenerwaga aba FAR mbere ya jenoside no mu gihe yakorwaga.

Graner yabajijwe imiterere y’uwo murongo aba bayobozi bose bari basangiye, avuga ko icyo gihe politiki y’u Rwanda ntaho yari itandukaniye n’iyo bwari bufite ku bindi bihugu bya Afurika aho u Bufaransa bwashyigikiraga ubuyobozi bwo mu bihugu bufitemo ijambo butitaye ku baturage babyo.

Ati “U Rwanda nicyo gihugu ingaruka zabaye mbi cyane.”

Graner yakomeje asobanura ko izi nyandiko zigaragaza uburyo abasirikare bakuru Quesnot na Lanxade bahaga ibitekerezo Mitterrand ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe. Ngo bahinduraga ubutumwa babaga bahawe n’abari mu birindiro ubundi bakabutanga bumeze nk’ubuteza umwiryane hagati y’igice cy’abavuga Igifaransa n’icy’abakoresha Icyongereza.

Ati “Bagaragazaga Abatutsi na FPR ya Paul Kagame nk’abanzi. Mitterrand n’aba basirikare batatu babaga bashishikajwe n’uruhande rw’abavuga Icyongereza.”

François Mitterrand yari yariyemeje gushyigikira Habyarimana Juvénal muri byose

Izi nyandiko zaba zigaragaza u Bufaransa mu mugambi wa Jenoside?

Graner yatangaje ko izi nyandiko zigaragaza neza ko politiki y’u Bufaransa k’u Rwanda yari ishyigikiye umugambi wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuko “bwatangaga ubufasha buzi impamvu y’ibiri kuba”.

Ati “Njye hashize igihe mbibonye. Ikindi kibazo ni ese uyu muntu cyangwa uriya bashobora guhanwa? Kuri iki, ubutabera bwarasubije ko butifuza gukora iperereza ku bantu nubwo abarokotse Jenoside batanze ibirego byinshi.”

Yatanze ingero z’ibirego biri mu Bufaransa ariko bitigeze bikurikiranwa, birimo iby’Abanyarwanda bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi baba mu Bufaransa, hakaba n’ibindi birimo nk’iby’abasirikare b’u Bufaransa bari mu Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside nk’iby’abatereranye Abatutsi bo mu Bisesero.

Ati “Hari n’ikindi kirego kijyanye n’intwaro zatanzwe na Paul Barril wahoze ari umujandarume, ibyo gufata ku ngufu bishinjwa abasirikare b’u Bufaransa hamwe n’ibijyanye na banki ba BNP ku nkunga yatanze mu igurwa ry’intwaro muri Jenoside.”

Haracyari igihu ku ruhare rw’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda hagati ya 1990 na 1994

Graner yavuze ko hakiri ibintu byinshi bidasobanutse bigendanye n’uruhare rw’u Bufaransa muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ati “Bimwe muri byo, ni uruhare rw’u Bufaransa mu ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994. Bwaba bwarafashije intagondwa z’Abahutu cyangwa bwagize uruhare mu gufata icyemezo no mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa? Ese Abasirikare b’u Bufaransa cyangwa abacancuro bafitanye isano n’u Bufaransa babigizemo uruhare?”.

Yakomeje avuga kandi ko bitarasobanuka neza niba Abafaransa bari mu Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside bari bashinzwe ubutasi gusa cyangwa hari izindi nshingano bari bafite, nk’ubujyanama mu rugamba, niba bararugiragamo uruhare n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Ati “Haracyari igihu ku bibazo byo gutera inkunga n’ubufasha bwahawe abajenosideri nyuma ya Jenoside.”

François Graner yavuze ko hakiri ibibazo byinshi izi nyandiko zidasubiza

U Bufaransa bwabonye integuza ya Jenoside yategurwaga

Kuva mu 1990 ubwo Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zatangizaga urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu, Abasirikare b’Abafaransa boherejwe gutabara Habyarimana mu cyiswe "opération Noroît".

Abo basirikare batangaga ubufasha ku ngabo za Leta haba mu myitozo n’ibindi ndetse ni nabo batozaga Interahamwe zishe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Inyandiko François Graner yabonye za Mitterrand zishimangira ko muri icyo gihe Leta y’u Bufaransa yakurikiranaga ibyaberaga mu gihugu akantu ku kandi ndetse ntihakana ubwicanyi n’itabwa muri yombi ry’Abatutsi ryiyongeraga ubutitsa.

Jacques Pelletier wari Minisitiri Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Bufaransa, mu nyandiko yo ku wa 6 Gashyantare 1991 yarabishimangiye, anamenyesha François Mitterrand ko ibintu bikomeye.

Yagize ati “Nyakubahwa Perezida, ibiri kubera mu Rwanda birarushaho kuntera impungenge.’’

Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal ntacyo yakoraga ku nama yari yahawe ahubwo impinduka zakorwaga zabaga ahanini zigamije gutambamira ibiganiro byahuzaga Guverinoma na FPR Inkotanyi.

Bisa nk’aho imbaraga zo gutegeka uko ibintu bigomba kugenda zari zifitwe n’umugore wa Habyarimana, Agathe Kanziga Habyarimana ndetse n’abantu be ba hafi bari bibumbiye mu cyiswe ‘Akazu’, barimo intagondwa z’Abahutu.

Mu ntangiriro za 1992, hatangiye kuba imvururu zidasanzwe. Kuba abasirikare b’Abafaransa bari bari mu Rwanda, icyo gihugu cyari kizi byose byabaga ariko cyakomeje gushyigikira ubutegetsi bwa Juvénal Habyarimana bwasaga n’ubwanywaye n’ubwa François Mitterrand.

Umugaba w’Ingabo kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 1995, Christian Quesnot n’Intumwa yihariye ya Elysée mu nyandiko yabo yo kuwa 3 Mata 1992 bandikiye Mitterand bamubwira ko ‘Ubwicanyi bw’amoko bwakozwe n’ingabo za hafi n’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi. Kuba ingabo zacu zihari, zifasha kurinda ikibi ndetse n’ubutegetsi buriho. Ku rundi ruhande ariko kuba ingabo zacu zegereye ahabera ubwicanyi bitera benshi kwibaza.’’

Mu mpera za 1993 nibwo ingabo z’u Bufaransa zari muri ya Opération Noroît zasubiye iwabo.

Général Quesnot yavuze ko Pierre Joxe wari Minisitiri w’Ingabo yashakaga ko abasirikare b’u Bufaransa bava mu Rwanda.

Pierre Bérégovoy wari Minisitiri w’Intebe, yamusubije ko bijyanye na politiki “bidashoboka ko dukura ingabo mu Rwanda’’. Yagaragaje ko byaba ari sakirirego kuko hari hamaze gusinywa amasezerano yo gusangira ubutegetsi ya Arusha.

Nubwo aya masezerano by’umwihariko mu ngingo ya kabiri yavugaga ku ‘guhagarika gucuruza intwaro n’ibindi bikoresho byifashishwa mu ntambara’, hari aho bakomoza ku guhererekanya intwaro zari zigenewe ingabo z’u Rwanda. Izo ntwaro zakiriwe na Minuar.

Inyandiko zohererezanyijwe n’abayobozi kandi zerekana ko hatanzwe roquettes 200 za milimetero 68 zagombaga kwifashishwa na kajugujugu za FAR.

Tariki 15 Gashyantare 1994, uwari ambasaderi w’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda yakiriye intumwa ebyiri za sosiyete Thomson Brandt Armements, ngo baganire ku buryo bwo guha u Rwanda intwaro hirengagijwe amasezerano ya Arusha yabuzaga igemurwa z’intwaro ku mpande zihanganye.

Tariki 21 Mutarama 1994, ingabo za Loni zari mu Rwanda (MINUAR) zafashe ibisasu 1000 byari bihishe mu murima zigenewe igisirikare cya Habyarimana (FAR). U Rwanda icyo gihe rwari rutegereje ibindi bisasu rwari rwatumije ariko bitari byakishyuwe.

Graner avuga ko nta kidasanzwe yiteze kuri Komisiyo yashyizweho na Perezida Emmanuel Macron igamije gucukumbura uruhare rw’u Bufaransa muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Muri Mata uyu mwaka nibwo hitezweho rapoor yayo ya nyuma.

Graner yavuze ko gushyiraho iyo Komisiyo bigamije gufasha Macron kubona umwanya wo guhunga kwemera uruhare rw’igihugu cye mu byabereye mu Rwanda.

Yasabye ko abashakashatsi batandukanye bahabwa inyandiko za Mitterrand ku Rwanda bagacukumbura kugira ngo bagaragaze byinshi.

Ingabo z'u Bufaransa zishyirwa mu majwi mu bikorwa byo guha imyitozo intagondwa z'Abahutu

Umusirikare w'Umufaransa ahagarikiye Abahutu bari mu myitozo ya gisikare

U Bufaransa bwaje mu Rwanda mu mutaka wo kurinda abaturage birangira bwifatanyije n'abicaga abatutsi