Iryo terambere ry’ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa rikomeje gusigasirwa no kongererwa imbaraga, nk’uko byigaragaje mu birori biherutse byo gutangiza umwaka mushya wiswe uwa ‘Dragon’, umwaka witezweho uburumbuke.

U Bushinwa bwageze ku iterambere rifatika mu 2023

Ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa bumaze igihe buhagaze neza, nubwo bwanyuze mu bibazo byinshi. Umwaka ushize wo wagaragaje itandukaniro, aho nyinshi mu ntego zari zihawe zagezweho. Umusaruro mbumbe w’u Bushinwa warenze miliyari ibihumbi 126 z’ama-Yuan, bisobanuye ubwiyongere bwa 5.2 %.

Urwego rwa serivisi ruri mu zagaragaje izamuka ridasanzwe, aho rwiyongereyeho 5.8%, ibintu byafashije mu bwiyongere rusange bw’ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa. Urebeye imbere mu gihugu, uruhare rw’abaturage mu guhaha rwihariye 82.5% by’izamuka ry’ubukungu. Ibi bivuze ikintu gikomeye mu iterambere ry’ubukungu kuba umubare w’abahaha imbere mu gihugu ugenda wiyongera.

Mu myaka icumi iri imbere, Abashinwa bo mu cyiciro cy’amikoro aringaniye bazagera kuri miliyoni 800, mu gihe abasaga miliyoni 300 bazava mu byaro bagana mu mijyi. Ni ibintu bizarushaho kongera umubare w’ibyo abantu bakenera guhaha ndetse n’izindi serivisi zikenerwa nk’inzu zo guturamo, uburezi, ubuvuzi ndetse n’ibijyanye no kwita ku bantu bakuze.

Ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi hagati y’u Bushinwa n’amahanga, ibyoherejwe mu mahanga byari bifite agaciro ka miliyari ibihumbi 41.76 z’ama-Yuan, aho bwa mbere ibigo by’amahanga bikorana ubucuruzi n’u Bushinwa byarenze 600,000.

Hari ibicuruzwa bitatu bishya byacurujwe cyane nk’imodoka z’amashanyarazi, bateri ndetse n’imirasire y’izuba, aho agaciro kabyo kageze kuri miliyari 1006 z’ama-Yuan, ni ukuvuga ubwiyongere bungana na 29.9%. Ishoramari rishya ryinjira mu Bushinwa ryari rifite agaciro ka miliyari 1100 z’ama-Yuan, aho sosiyete nshya 53,766 zinjiye mu gihugu, bivuze ubwiyongere bwa 39.7%.

Ibi byerekana ko ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa buzakomeza kumera neza mu gihe kirekire kandi ko isoko ry’u Bushinwa rikomeje gukurura abashoramari b’abanyamahanga.

Ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa buzakomeza kuzamuka mu 2024

Izahuka ry’ubukungu by’igihe kirekire rirakomeje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zitandukanye. Icya mbere ni uko ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa bwagaragaje kwihanganira ibigeragezo bwanyuzemo. U Bushinwa bufite inganda nyinshi aho umusaruro w’ibyo zishyira hanze wihariye 30 % by’inganda zose zo ku Isi.

U Bushinwa nicyo gihugu gifite ukuboko mu nzego zose z’inganda nk’uko ziri ku rutonde rw’Umuryango w’Abimbuye mu bijyanye n’inganda (United Nations Industrial Classification) mu byiciro birenga 200, aho bumaze imyaka 13 buri ku isonga.

U Bushinwa kandi buza ku isonga mu bijyanye no guteza imbere ihangana rishingiye ku bumenyi haba muri siyansi, ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi.

Icya kabiri ni uko u Bushinwa buri imbere mu bijyanye n’ubuvumbuzi no guhanga udushya. Ishoramari rishyirwa mu bushakashatsi rigamije iterambere ndetse no mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga, rimaze imyaka myinshi ryiyongera ku kigero kiri hejuru ya 0%. Mu buvumbuzi bushya bwandikwa cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru, u Bushinwa bugeze ku 400 000, bukaba buza ku mwanya wa Kabiri ku Isi mu bihugu bifite sosiyete nini (zirengeje miliyari $1) zandikisha ubuvumbuzi bushya buri mwaka.

Mu nganda zikomeye 153 ziherutse gushyirwa hanze na World Economic Forum, zagaragaje ubuhanga bukomeye mu ikoranabuhanga hirya no hino ku Isi, izo mu Bushinwa zajemo ni 62, ni ukuvuga 40%.

Icya gatatu ni uko Bushinwa ari igihugu gifite isoko ryagutse. Imibare ya Banki y’Isi igaragaza ko ibyo u Bushinwa bushyira ku isoko mpuzamahanga byihariye 28.7%, mu gihe ku bicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro bwihariye 30%, bingana n’ibikorerwa mu bihugu birindwi bya mbere bikize ku isi (G7).

Mu 2023, u Bushinwa bwaje ku mwanya wa mbere mu kohereza hanze ibinyabiziga. Iki gihugu kirajwe ishinga no kurengera ibidukikije ndetse no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ari nayo mpamvu hashyizwe ingufu mu bikorwa remezo bitangiza, ibyo gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu buryo bwa rusange ariko butangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’uburyo bw’imiturire butangiza aho bibarirwa isoko rya miliyari ibihumbi 10 z’ama-Yuan.

Icyizere ku hazaza heza h’umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bushinwa

Mu myaka mike ishize binyuze mu Ihuriro rya Afurika n’u Bushinwa (Forum on China-Africa Cooperation), u Bushinwa bwafashije u Rwanda mu mishinga itandukanye haba mu bikorwaremezo, inganda, ubucuruzi n’ishoramari.

Nko mu bijyanye n’ibikorwaremezo, u Bushinwa bagize uruhare mu kuvugurura no kwagura ibitaro bya Masaka, kwagura no gukora imihanda yo mu nsisiro, urugomero rwa Nyabarongo ndetse no mu bindi bijyanye n’iterambere n’imibereho myiza.

Mu bijyanye n’inganda, sosiyete z’Abashinwa zashinze inganda zitandukanye mu Rwanda mu bijyanye n’imyenda, imiti, televiziyo n’ibindi byazamuye ubukungu ndetse bigaha benshi akazi.

Mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi, hatejwe imbere uburyo bwo guhinga ibihumyo bukoreshwa mu Bushinwa buzwi nka Juncao , aho abahinzi basaga 35 000 babihawemo amahugurwa mu gihe ingo zisaga 3800 n’ibigo 50 na za koperative binjiye mu buhinzi bw’ibyo bihumyo.

Mu bijyanye n’ishoramari, u Bushinwa ni umwe mu bafatanyabikorwa b’imena b’u Rwanda. Imibare yashyizwe hanze na RDB, igaragaza ko u Bushinwa mu 2022 bwari bufite ishoramari rya miliyoni $182.4, ni ukuvuga 11.2% by’ishoramari ryose ryaturutse hanze uwo mwaka, ibintu bibushyira ku mwanya wa mbere.

Vuba aha hari ba rwiyemezamirimo benshi bo mu Bushinwa baje mu Rwanda bashaka amahirwe y’ishoramari, bishimiye umutekano na politiki bihari bitanga icyizere ku mahirwe y’ishoramari.

Ubucuuti buri hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bushinwa bushinze imizi kandi bufite amateka. Umubano w’ibihugu byombi bigaragara ko ugana aheza cyane, aho ibihugu byombi bizakomeza gukorana hagamijwe inyungu n’iterambere bya buri ruhande n’ejo hazaza heza.

Perezida Xi Jinping w'u Bushinwa na Perezida Kagame , ubwo Xi yasuraga u Rwanda mu 2018