Gen Makenga n’abasirikare be babishatse bakwambuka bakinjira i Goma gusa ibyo ntabwo biri muri gahunda ze no mu byo ateganya. Kuri FARDC hamwe n’abaturage b’i Goma, ibintu bikomeje kuba bibi, umwuka mubi ukomeje gututumba, abasirikare bamwe ba FARDC batangiye kurwana kubera imishahara ndetse batangiye no gukomeza ibikorwa byabo byo gusahura, ni no mu gihe FARDC iri gusenya ibikorwaremezo by’amashanyarazi ku buryo umujyi mu bihe bimwe na bimwe uri kujya mu icuraburindi.

Ejo hashize, umusirikare w’Umututsi wa FARDC yishwe atwitswe ari muzima. Ibikorwa nk’ibi bigaragaza uburyo ubumuntu bwakendereye burundu muri Congo n’ingaruka z’urwango rugamije kwibasira Abatutsi rwakwijwe na leta ya Kinshasa.

Tshisekedi

Aho bigeze, birasa n’aho Tshisekedi yerekanye amerekezo. Kumvisha SADC ko ikwiriye kohereza ingabo mu nkengero za Goma ni yo karita yonyine yari asigaranye gusa Afurika y’Epfo yo ntiyiteguye kohereza ingabo zayo mbere y’amatora. Ibyo bivuze ko Perezida wa Congo atazasohoza isezerano rye ryo gutsinda intambara yo mu Burasirazuba mbere y’amatora.

Imyitwarire ye yo kwanga kuganira na M23 no kuba ingabo z’igihugu cye arizo zarenze ku masezerano y’amahoro yari agamije guhagarika imirwano, yashyizwe imbere mu biganiro bya Nairobi, ni ibintu byagaragariye buri wese.

Kuba yarakomeje kandi kurambiriza ku mitwe y’abahezanguni nka FDLR n’abacanshuro b’abanyamahanga, ni ikindi kintu cyangiza isura ye. Ni ibintu biteye kwibaza amaherezo.

Ibikorwa bye bishingiye kuri politiki na gisirikare ntacyo byigeze bigeraho, kandi n’uyu munsi akomeje gutakarizwa icyizere hanze y’igihugu. Umugambi we uheruka wari uwo kumvisha Monusco ko ikwiriye kugira uruhare mu bitero bigamije kubuza M23 kugera i Goma.

Ibi bigaragaza kandi uburyo n’imikorere ya Loni irimo inenge nyuma y’imyaka myinshi ishora miliyari nyinshi z’amadolari muri iki gihugu, igatuma abakozi bayo basarura imishahara gusa ahubwo ikishyira mu ndorerwamo za guverinoma iyishinja ko yanze kurwanya M23 n’indi mitwe ibarizwa mu karere.

Indorerezi mpuzamahanga nyinshi zihuriza ku kuvuga ko Guverinoma ya Congo ishobora kugereranywa n’umurwayi wo mu mutwe, ushobora gushyirwa ahantu ha wenyine, agasabwa kunywa umuti ushariye, kandi akambikwa mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo ataza kwiyangiza.

Ariko noneho uyu murwayi aracyari gushakishwa, ari gutuma abantu benshi bahunga ko bicirwa ku rugamba, ari gukwirakwiza urwango n’ubwoba mu mitima y’abenegihugu bagenzi be.

Ikindi kandi, afite ibikoresho byinshi mu biganza bye byo gutangiza intambara ku bihugu by’ibituranyi. Abantu benshi bari gukurikirana uko ibintu bihagaze, bose bahuriza ku kuba ashobora kuba yakora ibi, agashoza intambara.

Bahuriza kandi ku kuba ashobora gukomeza gusaba Abanye-Congo benshi bo hanze ya Kivu, kuba bajya ku rugamba, kandi agakomeza imvugo ye yo guhatira amahanga ko yabuza u Rwanda “gukomeza” kuvogera igihugu cye. Ni wa murwayi kandi ushobora gusubika amatora kugira ngo agume ku mwanya we.

Goma

Ubu ari gushyira Goma mu mukino ugoye yamaze gutsindwa, yizeye ko M23 ishobora kwinjira muri uyu mujyi bikamuha ingingo yaheraho asubika aya matora.

Ariko Sultani Makenga na Bertrand Bisimwa ni inyaryenge kumurusha kuri icyo. Abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko Tshisekedi ashobora cyangwa se yaba ashaka guhara Umujyi wa Goma kugira ngo agere kuri gahunda ze.

Umwe mu badipolomate bo muri RDC, yagize ati “Impamvu ihuriweho na dipolomasi ntabwo byigeze biba umusingi wubakirwaho na Guverinoma zakurikiye Mobutu.”

“Ba Kabila bombi bari bazi igihe n’aho guhagararira mu gihe imiyoborere yabo ishingiye kuri ruswa n’ibyemezo bipfuye bitangiye kugaragarira buri wese. Tshisekedi ntabwo afite ubushobozi, agaragiwe n’abantu bagira uruhare mu byemezo bye kandi bamubeshya. Kuba ari umuntu utari usanzwe uzobereye ibyo arimo, bimubuza kubona ingaruka z’ibikorwa bye. Uyu mugabo atangiye guhinduka ikibazo ku giti cye no ku karere.”

Umwe mu nzobere mu bya gisirikare uri i Kinshasa yongeyeho ko ibyo abayobozi ba Congo bavugaga umwaka ushize, byatangiye kwigaragaza. Ati “Gahunda ya Tshisekedi na Muyaya yari yoroshye cyane; kuzitirira Paul Kagame imigirire yabo mibi.”

Bagerageje kumvisha Abanye-Congo n’abandi bo hanze ya Congo ko M23 ari Abanyarwanda, ko M23 ari igice cy’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, kandi ko u Rwanda rushaka kwigarurira Congo kugira ngo rusahure amabuye y’agaciro.

Amateka agaragaza ko Abatutsi benshi bo muri Kivu ya Ruguru hamwe n’Abanyamulenge bo muri Kivu ya Ruguru, bafite inkomoko muri aka gace mu binyejana byinshi bishize.

Kinshasa yatangiye gushinja u Rwanda kwivanga mu bibazo bya Congo na mbere y’uko M23 yinjira mu kibazo. Kureba nabi hagati y’ibihugu byafashe indi ntera nyuma y’aho noneho Tshisekedi atangiye guha intwaro FDLR.

Gukora ibi byatumye Ingabo z’u Rwanda na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda batangira kwitegura ibishobora guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu mu bihe biri imbere.

Mu kugaragaza Abatutsi n’Abanyarwanda nk’abantu babi bashaka kwigarurira igihugu, Guverinoma yatangiye kubiba ubwoba mu baturage, kandi ibyo ibiheraho ikora ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi inibasira abatavugarumwe n’ubutegetsi.

Ibi byose byabayeho mu bihe biganisha ku matora.

FDLR ubu ni umutwe wa gisirikare ufite intwaro ku buryo zimwe wanazishyize mu bubiko kugira ngo izazifashishe mu gihe kiri imbere. Iyi ni yo mpamvu M23 idafite ubushobozi buhambaye, yemeye ko ishyirwa ahantu mu nkambi, igashyira intwaro hasi.

Ku rundi ruhande, Abanyarwanda batakarije icyizere umuryango mpuzamahanga mu gukemura iki kibazo mu nzira y’amahoro kuko bazi ko Guverinoma ya Congo itazubahiriza iyo nzira igihe kinini.

Yewe n’abayobozi ba M23 bari kurushaho kubibona ko ahazaza h’uyu mutwe hari mu biganza byabo, ko aribo bakwiriye gushyiraho uburyo buhamye buzafasha impunzi gutahuka kandi bakabasha kwicungira umutekano.

U Burundi

Mbere y’uko impeshyi igera, twatangaje inkuru igaragaza inenge ndetse n’ibyago biri mu gushyira ingabo z’u Burundi mu z’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba ziri muri Congo, EACRF.

Buri wese arabizi neza ko Guverinoma iriho none i Burundi, igizweho n’abasirikare b’Abahutu batahutse baturutse muri RDC bayobowe na Pierre Nkurunziza, na ba Nyamitwe n’abandi.

Ingengabitekerezo y’aba bagabo ntabwo yigeze ihinduka gusa babashije kumvisha abantu bo hanze y’igihugu ko bafite gahunda nziza, bityo babasha kugera ku butegetsi.
Ku ruhande, bashinze abarwanyi bibumbiye mu mutwe witwa Imbonerakure. Wawugereranya n’Interahamwe (abo FDLR ikomokaho).

Hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko FDLR yari ifite uruhare mu mitegekere y’Ingabo z’u Burundi cyo kimwe n’iy’Imbonerakure. Kera kabaye. Ingabo z’u Burundi zahaye ubufasha bw’ibikoresho abarwanyi ba Paul Rusesabagina, bagabye igitero ku butaka bw’u Rwanda mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe bayobowe na Wilson Irategeka.

Rusesabagina yaje gutabwa muri yombi, ndetse umutwe w’abarwanyi be uza gucibwa intege na RDF ariko ubufasha wahabwaga n’Ubuyobozi bw’u Burundi bwo ntabwo bwigeze bwibagirana.

Ubwo Perezida Évariste Ndayishimiye (‘Neva’) yafataga ubutegetsi asimbuye Pierre Nkurunziza, yasabwe na Leta ya Kigali kwitwara neza, kandi bisa n’aho yabigerageje.

Neva yeretse amahanga ko atandukanye n’ubuyobozi yasimbuye bwari bwaramunzwe na ruswa no guheza inguni, ariko ntabwo byatinze ngo yisange yaguye mu mico y’ahahise.

Yohereje ingabo muri RDC kurwanya RED Tabara, umutwe ubarizwa muri Kivu y’Epfo ariko Imbonerakure zo zakomeje gutera ubwoba abaturage. Nubwo yari azi neza uburyo igisirikare cye gifitanye imikoranire na FDLR, ingabo z’u Burundi zagiye mu butumwa bwa EAC i Masisi, ntabwo zireba kure.

Hashize amezi atatu, twaganiriye n’abarwanyi ba FDLR bafatiwe mu bice bya M23, baduhamiriza ko bakorana n’Ingabo z’u Burundi hamwe na FARDC mu rugamba rwo kwivuna M23.

Ni ibintu bigaragarira amaso ko Bujumbura yarenze ku mahame ya EACRF, igacumbikira ndetse igaha impuzankano n’ibikoresho iri huriro ry’abarwanyi bafasha FARDC.

Muri icyo gihe, amakuru yatugezeho ko Bujumbura igiye kohereza ingabo mu Burundi zizakora nk’abacanshuro. Byarabaye kuko barafashwe. Yewe hari n’abantu bo muri EACRF bemeza ibi.

Ni ibintu bigaragara ko kwemerera abasirikare be kujya mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi butemewe hamwe na FARDC, Ndayishimye yahise atakarizwa icyizere burundu.

Mu gihe umusirikare wa mbere yasubizwaga mu Burundi yapfuye, abandi bahise batangira gutoroka kuko banze gupfira ku rugamba aho ababakuriye bishyurwa akayabo na Kinshasa mu gihe bo bahembwa intica ntikize.

Ingabo z’u Burundi zari muri EAC mu gace ka Kitshanga, ziherutse kuva mu birindiro byazo mbere y’uko zibitwika zikerekeza mu gace kagenzurwa n’abarwanyi ba FDLR-Omega.

U Rwanda

Birashoboka ko Tshisekedi azasanga asigaranye ingingo nke mu gihe cyose u Rwanda ruzaba rushotowe. Birashoboka ko azatunga agatoki abarwanyi ba FDLR, umusirikare wa FARDC wasinze cyangwa se Umupilote wa Sukhoi wibeshye agakanda ahantu hatariho.
Biranashoboka yewe ko ashobora kuzarasa kuri Goma ku giti cye yarangiza agahindukira akabishinja RDF mu izina rya M23 kugira ngo abone impamvu yeruye ashoza intambara ku Rwanda.

Umwe mu bayobozi b’i Kigali yaratubwiye ati “Umuryango mpuzamahanga umaze igihe warabembekerereje abayobozi ba Congo. Ariko mu gihe udashaka kwinjira mu kibazo ngo ugikemure, dushobora kucyikemurira.”

“Twafatirwa ibihano cyangwa se tutabifatirwa! Amerika irashaka ko tuganira na Tshisekedi ariko se ni gute waganira n’umuntu uri gushyira inyungu ze imbere kurusha iz’igihugu cye, kandi witeguye gutangamo ibitambo abaturage bose ba Goma kugira ngo agere ku byo yifuza?”

“Banadusabye gukura ingabo zacu ku mupaka, kandi icyo ubwacyo ni ikibazo gikomeye. Barabizi neza ibiri kubera muri kariya gace. Twaberetse uburyo buhari. Rero, ntabwo bazabasha kudutunga urutoki mu gihe tuzaba dufashe umwanzuro wo kurengera inyungu zacu.”

M23

Umwe mu bayobozi bakuru muri M23 yaratubwiye ati “umuvuno warahindutse. Kinshasa ntabwo igifite ubushobozi bwo kudutegeka ibyo ishaka.”

Yakomeje avuga ko batazasubira inyuma, ati ntabwo twifuza kwica abasirikare bayo badafite imyitozo cyangwa se abandi bantu bashyizwemo ibitekerezo bipfuye bakoherezwa ku rugamba. Ati “Gusa nta yandi mahitamo dufite”.

Yavuze ko ari ibintu bibabaje kurwana n’abantu bayobejwe ubwenge, kuko ni “Abanye-Congo nka twe. Ikindi kandi ntabwo tuzagwa mu mutego wo gufata Goma, ibyo byaha Tshisekedi impamvu nyinshi. Tuzamugumisha ahantu nk’imbeba kandi bizatuma abura amerekezo”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Twagaragaje ubushake bwacu, twubahiriza amahame ya EACRF adusaba kuva mu duce twari twarafashe. Gusa ibi nta musaruro byatanze.”

“Abaturage bo muri Kivu barashaka amahoro, kandi ibyo ni byo tuzabaha mu gihe ibintu bizaba bigiye mu buryo. Benshi muri twe, twatakarije icyizere inzego mpuzamahanga.”

“Ni bo bazatugaragariza ko twibeshya. Icyo kwishimira uyu munsi ni uko Abanye-Congo babarizwa muri opozisiyo nabo batangiye kunenga gahunda za Tshisekedi mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu.”

“Moise Katumbi, ugifite ubwoba bwo gutobora ngo avuge, aherutse kuvuga ko yabasha guhagarika intambara yo muri Kivu mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu, kandi arabizi neza ko ibyo atabigeraho akoresheje intwaro.”

“Yewe na Dennis Mukwege, umuntu udafitiye urukundo rwinshi Abatutsi, yavuze ko uburyo bwiza bwo kubana, ari ugukorera hamwe no kugarura icyizere.”

“Perezida azakora ibyo ashoboye byose kugira ngo asubike amatora, ariko naramuka abaye, twizeye ko abaturage bazatekereza kabiri kuri uriya munsi. Ikindi, naramuka ashotoye u Rwanda, azaba asinye ku rupfu rwa politiki ye n’urwa gisirikare.”