Mbere yo kwanzura ku buryo yazibukwa, ahari uwabanza akanyura mu bihe binyuranye by’ubuzima bwe. Muri iyi nyandiko ndababwira Twagiramungu mu mashuri no mu kazi, mubabwire yikorera, mubabwire muri politiki no mu buhungiro.

Ndavuga bimwe mu byaranze imibereho ye yose kugeza ku munsi w’ejo bundi ubwo yahumetse umwuka we wa nyuma.

1.Twagiramungu mu mashuri no mu kazi

Ayisumbuye yayarangirije muri Groupe Scolaire de Butare, imwe yahoze yitwa “Indatwa”, nyuma yakomereje muri Canada, aho yabaye hagati ya 1968 kugera 1976, aho yize muri kaminuza ya McGill iherereye i Québec, anabanza gukorayo igihe gito mbere yo gutaha.
Agitaha yagabanye STIR [Société de Transport Internationaux au Rwanda] yari sosiyeti ya Leta y’ubwikorezi. Muri ibyo bihe iyo wahabwa akazi kaguha amikoro wavanamo imibereho myiza, bavugaga ko wabonye umugati.

Mu migati y’icyo gihe rero, STIR yari mu rwego rwa RDB, RURA cyangwa BNR by’iki gihe. Hari abahamya ko atahabonye kubera ubutoni budasanzwe kuri Habyarimana Juvénal cyangwa se ubushobozi budasanzwe, ahubwo wasangaga muri ibyo bihe Habyarimana wasaga nk’uwicuza urupfu rubi yishemo Kayibanda Grégoire nyuma yo kumukorera coup d’état — yarageragezaga kwiyegereza uwo muryango.

Ni muri iyo myaka imfura ya Kayibanda [Pie Kayibanda] yamufashije kuba depite. Twagiramungu yashakanye na Marie Assumpta, umukobwa wa Kayibanda.

Basanzire ba Twagiramungu bandi barimo uwitwa Gapyisi Emmanuel, aba Umunyamabanga Mukuru muri MINITRAPE, mu gihe undi witwa Jean Marie Ndimbira yashinzwe kuyobora banki yitwaga Caisse d’Epargne.

Mu gihe yayoboraga STIR, yahaye amahirwe menshi abakozi b’abatutsi bahezwaga kenshi kandi henshi mu nzego za Leta. Nubwo yari umuyobozi wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, abo babaga batera inkuru biganjemo abasore b’abatutsi nka ba Kayihura na Sentama bamubereye abashoferi bwite cyangwa abandi banyamujyi b’icyo gihe nka ba Camarade Nzigamasabo.

Mu gihe yayoboraga STIR kandi yaje gushinga ikipe y’umupira w’amaguru yakinnyemo ba Cassa na bene Mudeyi aribo Gustave na Nazer. Iyo kipe yazanye imbaraga zidasanzwe itwara ibikombe, ikangaranya Mukungwa, Panthère Noire na Etincelles zariho icyo gihe, kimwe na Rayon Sports, bimuviramo guhangana na Zigiranyirazo Protais wari muramu wa Habyarimana.

Uko guhangana kwasanze anakorana nabi cyane n’uwari Perezida w’inama y’ubutegetsi ya STIR ari we Bizimungu Pasteur. Uyu baje no kongera guhurira muri Village Urugwiro muri Nyakanga 1994, umwe ari Perezida undi ari Minisitiri w’Intebe.

Kuyobora STIR kandi byamuviriyemo gufungwa igihe gito no kuvanwa ku kazi. Uretse inshuti nyinshi z’abacuruzi b’abatutsi yahaye ibiraka muri STIR, uretse kandi izindi nshuti zo mu miryango y’abatutsi yabaga yatunguwe no kubona umuyobozi w’icyo gihe bamwisangaho, uretse n’ibikombe bya STIR, Twagiramungu yavanye muri STIR umujinya uhagije wo kwanga Habyarimana n’abo yitaga abashiru bo mu nkomoko ye bayoboraga u Rwanda.

Ni mu gihe kandi kuko bari barishe Sebukwe Kayibanda. Bizimungu Pasteur, undi mushiru, amugendaho babana nabi, Zigiranyirazo amukoza isoni amugeza muri gereza. Hari aho nigeze kumwumva muri kwa gusetsa kwe avuga ukuntu ngo bamubwiye ngo atege umutwe bamwogoshe maze babura icyo bogosha kubera uruhara, bogosha akamegemege kari gasigaye!

2.Twagiramungu mu kwikorera

Twagiramungu wa mbere ya politiki yabaye nkureba kure, maze akiva muri gereza atangira kwikorera ashinga Pharmacie yari ikomeye yitwaga “Pharchimie” yabaga hariya munsi ya BK mu mujyi rwagati ku muhanda ugana ku Nkurunziza.

Yanashinze icapiro ryitwaga “Imprimerie Multiservice” ryakoreraga hepfo yo kwa Rubangura mu gataje kabaga hagati yo kwa Rubangura no kuri ALIRWANDA.

Twagiramungu kandi yari anafite ikompanyi y’ubwikorezi yakoreraga mu nzu imwe niyo pharamacie, ari naho yari afite ibiro.

Yavuye muri STIR yimukanye bamwe mu bakozi be nk’umushoferi Kayihura, akomeza gutura mu Kiyovu ahabaga abakozi ba Leta, aho yaguze inzu ebyiri zegeranye, akomeza kwambara ikoti na karuvati bya buri munsi no kugenda muri Mercedes Benz nshya y’ubururu yaje gusimbuza Mitsubishi Jeep yo mu bwoko bwa PAJERO zari mu zari zigezweho muri icyo gihe. Aho yinjiriye muri politike ariko kubibangikanya byaramugoye, bigenda bihomba urusorongo.

3.Twagiramungu muri Politiki

Uretse kuba umwe mu njijuke 33 zashyize umukono ku nyandiko yasabaga ko amashyaka menshi yemerwa mu 1990, ari mu bantu ba mbere bitabiriye gushinga ishyaka muri icyo gihe.

Mu ntangiriro, itsinda ryatekerezaga ku byakorwa ryari rigari ariko haza kuvuka ikibazo cy’umurage wa MDR PARMEHUTU bifuzaga kuzura, gusa bamwe bakanga kwikorera umuzigo w’ amateka yayo. Ni gutyo inzira zabyaye amahari maze Gatabazi Félicien, Nzamurambaho Frédéric, Gafaranga Théoneste n’abandi biyemeza gushinga iryabo bise “PSD”, Parti Social Démocrate.

Twagiramungu we yabonaga ko bizorohera Abanyarwanda kumva MDR PARMEHUTU, ishyaka ryahozeho ndetse ryari ryarigeze kubacengezwamo mbere y’uko ricibwa na Habyarimana. Ikindi kandi yabonaga ko abazariyoboka batazazuyaza kumugira umutware waryo kandi yarashatse kwa Kayibanda ndetse anashyigikwe na bene Kayibanda.

Ni nako byagenze kandi koko, benshi banamukunze bataramubona kubera ijwi rye rinize, kuvuga ataziga no gutunga agatoki adatinya amarorerwa yakorwaga na Habyarimana.

Guhera mu 1991 mitingi ze zaritabiriwe cyane, zikitabirwa n’abantu isi n’agasani nk’abaje kureba umuhanuzi. Ariko rwa rwango n’ inzika yangaga abakiga, cyane cyane abashiru kubera inzika nasobanuye, rwageze aho rumubera isubyo.

Mu ntangiriro MDR yakoze ikintu kidasanzwe yemeza ko mu gihe itegereje amatora izayoborwa n’abantu batandatu bashinzwe imirimo inyuranye.

Muri abo batandatu harimo Twagiramungu wari ushinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga, ariko nyuma y igihe gito yafatwaga nkaho ari we Perezida kuko ni we wavuganaga n’itangazamakuru kandi mu ndimi zose, dore ko Ikinyarwanda, Igifaransa, Icyongereza n’Igiswahili byose yarebagaho.

Abo mu majyaruguru bari bahanganye muri iryo shyaka barangajwe imbere na Donat Murego na André Sebatware, baje kwiyongeraho Karamira Froduald bashatse kumwikiza mu matora, bashishikariza muramu we Gapyisi Emmanuel kwiyamamaza ngo amubakize biranga kuko icyo gihe abayoboke basangaga agomba guhembwa kuyiyobora kubera mitingi ze zabaga zakangarajyije umujyi.

4.Twagiramungu mu mwiryane wa Politiki

Muri MDR akimara gutorwa itsinda, rimurwanya ryarakomeje kandi rimushinja byinshi birimo agasuzuguro, gufata ibyemezo hamwe na PDC, PL na PSD mu mpuzamashyaka atababwiye, kogeza intambara ya FPR n’ibindi.

Kuri iki cyo kogeza intambara ya FPR yarababwiraga ati “Ariko se kuvuga ko Inkotanyi ari abanyarwanda si byo? Kuvuga se ko abatutsi badakwiye kwicwa si byo?” Abandi bamanjirirwa bakamubwira ngo ajye abireka babyivugire kuko atari bwo butumwa yahawe n’ishyaka.

Bakomeje guhangana no guterana amagambo, bongera kumushinja kwiyandikisha mu masezerano ya Arusha bidaciye mu cyemezo cy’ishyaka ndetse no kuba yaratanze Uwiringiyimana Agathe ngo agirwe Minisitiri w’Intebe, nabwo bitabanje kwemerwa n’ishyaka.

Iminsi ya nyuma ya Twagiramungu mbere ya jenoside yaranzwe no kwirukanwa mu ishyaka na cya gice cy’ abahezanguni kimushinja agasuzuguro no kuba igikoresho cy’Inkotanyi.

Yanze kwemera ko yirukanwe ahubwo avuga ko MDR izwi ari iyo ayoboye kuko kongere yamwirukanye yateranye mu buryo butemewe. Gucikamo ibipande bibiri byabaye nk’indwara yandura muri PL habamo igice cya Lando n’icya Mugenzi [Ibice byiswe iby’aba-Pawa], muri PSD habamo igice cya Ngango n’icya Rafiki Hyacinthe, hagenda hanavuka udushyaka duto tw’utwana twa MRND kuko byose wasangaga ari umuriro wenyegezwa n’ ubuyobozi bwa Habyarimana.

Ikidashidikanywaho ni uko uku guhangana kw’amashyaka kwatumye Interahamwe na CDR bari basanzwe bibasiye Abatutsi barabonye inkunga itubutse iturutse muri MDR Pawa, PSD Pawa na PL Pawa igihe cyo kwica abatutsi kigeze.

5.Twagiramungu ntiyari Inkotanyi

Ubwo kuba yarabaye Inkotanyi ari ikinegu kuri bamwe ni n’ishema ku bandi bitewe n’imyumvire y’uwo muri kumwe. Ibyo ari byo byose ntabwo Twagiramungu yigeze aba Inkotanyi ahubwo dore ukuri kw’ibintu nkurikije uko twaganiriye.

Yaravugaga ati Inkotanyi zifite abasirikare, zifite amafaranga zikusanya mu mpunzi n’ayo Uganda iziha, zikagira na dipolomasi zifashwa na Amerika, u Bwongereza na Uganda.

Habyarimana afite abasirikari, afite amafaranga yose ya Leta, akanagira na dipolomasi ya za ambasade zacu n’inkunga y’Abafaransa. Twebwe MDR dufite rubanda ituri inyuma gusa kandi nayo y’abakene.

Turamutse rero turangaye gato Habyarimana n’Inkotanyi baratwumvikanira hejuru tuviremo aho. Nta kindi cyakorwa uretse gufatanya n’umwe muri bo mu gihe tugitegereje amatora. Ntabwo tuziyunga kuri Habyarimana kandi twarabwiye abaturage ko twahagurukijwe no kubakiza Habyarimana.

Nta yandi mahitamo tugomba gukorana n’Inkotanyi, ziradukeneye natwe turazikeneye. Ibyo kuvuga ngo zifite amayeri zizadukubita ikorosi byo ntibishoboka kuko mu gihe tugezemo ntabwo nyamuke yayobora idafite abo bafatanyije. Njye nkibyumva naramwegereye ndamubaza nti “Ariko noneho uri Inkotanyi koko”.

Yandahiye nabi cyane ati uretse Sendashonga nta wundi muntu n’umwe wo mu nkotanyi tuvugana kandi nawe imibanire yanjye nawe si iya none. Ni kuva na kera n’izo nkotanyi zitarabaho. Yongeraho ati Icyakora ibi mvuga byo turabihuza kandi turabiganira kuko yambwiye ko MDR idashobora gukorana na FPR ikigendera ku murage wa Parmehutu. Muri make Twagiramungu ntiyabayeho nk’umuhezanguni w’umuhutu ariko kandi ntiyari Inkotanyi n’ ubwo yari afite inshuti nyinshi z’abatutsi akagira n’incuti imwe mu nkotanyi nayo itari mu z’ikubitiro.

6.Twagiramungu muri jenoside na nyuma yaho

Hatitawe ku mpamvu yabimuteye, byaba ku kwanga ko abatutsi bicwa cyangwa imibare ya politiki yo kwikundisha ku nkotanyi, ikitagibwaho impaka ni uko kuba yarabaye ijwi rikomakoma ryamagana kandi rikarwanya jenoside yategurwaga byagize uruhare mu kuba hari abahutu bamwumvise ntibitabire ubwicanyi cyangwa bagahisha abatutsi mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi.

Hano mu mujyi wa Kigali mu bice bimwe nka Rugenge , Gikondo na Cyahafi; abasore bamushyigikiye babanje kwirwanaho mbere yo kurimburwa bagapfira gushira hafi ya bose.

Ikindi ni uko nawe ubwe byamugizeho ingaruka kuko yapfushije abantu barenga 40 mu muryango we, hishwe abahutu benshi bamukurikiye muri iyo nzira ndetse nawe ubwe habuze gato. Inzu nziza yari afite ku nkombe za Kivu i Cyangugu ku ivuko bayirimburanye umujinya kugeza kuri fondasiyo.

Yaje kwibeshya ko kwandikwa mu masezerano ya Arusha bimuha ubudahangarwa maze asigara avuga ko nyuma ya jenoside ariwe muyobozi wenyine wemewe n’amategeko ku buryo agomba kuvugana n’Inkotanyi ngo hashyirweho Leta.

Hagati aho Abafaransa bari bamaze gukubita igihwereye muri Turquoise ni ko bamwegeraga ngo bamugire icyo bitaga “troisième voie” ari byo kuvuga uruhande rutagira aho ruboganiye hagati y’Interahamwe n’Inkotanyi.

Nabyo barabigerageje babireka ari uko bamaze kubona ko ari wenyine ntaho ahagaze. Muri uko gutindatinda gutahuka, yaje kumva ko Inkotanyi zirimo zishaka undi wo muri MDR zamusimbuza ataha shishitabona. Byari bitangiye nabi kuko atatashye aje kubyina intsinzi nk’abandi. Bigiye kuba bibi asanga Perezida ari wa Bizimungu w’umushiru batacanaga uwaka muri STIR.

Byahumiye ku mirariri noneho asanga Visi Perezida wari ufite ingufu zose ari Kagame utagira amashyengo namba, utamenya icyo atekereza ngo kandi wanamurebanaga agasuzuguro ukurikije uko yabivugaga.

Icyabaye kibi kurushaho ni uko mucuti we Seth Sendashonga kuba perezida byari bimaze kumuca mu myanya y’intoki nyuma y’impaka ndende mu nkotanyi ubwazo zihitamo ari we cyangwa Bizimungu uwo baha izo nshingano.

Twagiramungu ya politiki yo muri MDR yayizanye muri Leta biranga, agerageza udutsiko nk’utwo muri MDR biranga, akora mu nganzo y’amashyengo biranga, atongoza amarangamutima avuga ko nyamwinshi igiye gushira biranga… Ibyakurikiye murabizi…

Twagiramungu yavanyweho aratagurwa, aregura nk’uko bivugwa n’abamuvanyeho cyangwa yareguye nk’uko we abivuga. Ikiri cyo ni uko yaje guhunga asanga za nterahamwe na bamwe bamwirukanye mu ishyaka babanyemo hanze mu Bubiligi.

7. Twagiramungu mu buhungiro

Akigera mu buhungiro yaje afite ibintu bitatu gusa; umujinya, akababaro n’amikoro make amwe atihishira. Aho yanyuraga bamuryaniraga inzara, abandi bamukwena ndetse bamwe bakamuhunga nk’umubembe ku mugaragaro.

Abahoze ari abategetsi b’abahutu, bahageze bataye twose mu Rwanda ibibi byose ni we babyikorezaga. Bamwe ngo ni cyo cyagambaniye Kinani, ni cyo cyadushoye ishyamba, ni cyo cyatanze Byumba, yagurishije igihugu. N’ibindi byavugwaga wamureba ukibaza aho avana ibitotsi.

Ubwo ndetse bamwe ntibaburaga no kumugerekaho ko ngo yicishije Gapyisi na Gatabazi. Ibyo uko yagerageje muri 2003 yizera nibura gutsindirwa ku majwi menshi y’abayoboke yahoranye bikanga murabizi.

Yaje gusubirayo ariko asanga igice kimwe kimushima kuba yarageragaje aho bavugaga ngo niba nawe waragiye ubatesha umutwe akanya gato. Abandi ngo icyiza cyawe warababwiye ntiwaripfanye. Bitabujije abandi ariko kumukwena ko ngo yongeye kurya amakotanyi ngo Kagame abone uwo atsinda!

Aha rero umujinya yavanye mu Rwanda mbere, ibibazo yarimo mu buhungiro n’ukuva mu Rwanda abona ko atagisubiyeyo ni byo byamuhinduye undi wundi. Twagiramungu aragenda aba Twagiramungu wumva avuga ukagira ngo urarose.Ukibaza niba koko ari wa wundi wa mbere.

8. Twagiramungu umuhakanyi

Twagiramungu yagiye kenshi mu manza za Arusha yatanzweho umuhamya n’abakoze jenoside ngo abafashe kugaragagaza ko nta jenoside yateguwe kandi arabikora bitangaza benshi.

Twagiramungu yageze ubwo avuga ko habayeho jenoside ebyiri, iyakorewe abahutu n’iyakozwe n’abahutu.

Twagiramungu yageze ubwo avuga ko gukurikirana Agathe Kanziga, umupfakazi wa Habyarimana ari ukubuza umubyeyi kuruhuka mu mahoro.

Twagiramungu yageze ubwo aterwa isoni no kuvuga abicaga muri jenoside abo ari bo, ubwo umunyamakuru Ally Youssouf Mugenzi yamubazaga abo yita ababisha bari bagiye kwicira umugore we i Gitarama akanga kuvuga ko ari intagomdwa z’abahutu b’i Gitarama.

Twagiramungu yagaragaye kenshi ku maradiyo y’intagondwa z’abahutu zo mu buhungiro nka Radiyo Inkingi na Ikondera ahakana byinshi mu bigwi by’Inkotanyi, azigerekaho umuzigo wose w’amateka ku buryo habuze gato ngo avuge ko abatutsi bapfuye biyahuye.

9. Twagiramungu asize nkuru ki imusozi?

Twagiramungu munywanyi wanjye, mbabajwe n’uko bigoye kumenya uko tuzakwibuka. Tuzakwibuke se nk’uwayoboye STIR imyaka itatu ukaba rwiyemezamirimo imyaka 12 na minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere nyuma Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi?

Nzakwibuke se nk’uwahanganye na Kagame mu matora? Nzakwibuke se nk’igiharamagara cyagiye gushaka kwa Kayibanda wari waraciwe kikongera gutinyuka gutunga urutoki Habyarimana kikaza gushyekerwa kigashaka gushyogoza Inkotanyi ntigitinde kubona ko cyibeshye?

Nzakwibuke se nk’uwigeze gukangurira abanyarwanda kuba umwe ukarangiza usenya ubumwe bw’ abanyarwanda? Louise Mushikiwabo ni we wigeze kuvuga nyuma y’urupfu rwa Karegeya ati “Ikibazo si uko watangiye ikibazo ni uko urangije.”

Njye iyo bigeze kuri wowe birangora kuko mpitamo kwibaza uko byakugendekeye ngo Polo ahinduke Sawuli. Nzakwibuka nk’umugabo wabayeho ubuzima bugoranye n’ibyakamworoheye agatuma bimugora.

Nzakwibuka nk’umuntu iyaremye yahaye umutima mwiza no gukunda atarobanura, ikamuha impano yo kuvuga neza ariko ikamuha gusesengura biringaniye yajya kumuhima ikamuha kuyoborwa n’inzika, ikanamwima akayunguruzo ko kudakoreshwa ishyano n’umujinya.

Twagiramungu munywanyi wanjye nzakwibuka nk’uwubatse byiza warangiza ukaza kubisenya ariko ugasanga bidadiye.

Twagiramungu munywanyi wanjye uzashyingurwa aho ntari ariko dore amagambo atatu nari kuhavugira iyo mbasha kuhagera :

1. Ntiwigeze uba Inkotanyi, ntiwigeze uba igikoresho cyazo nk’uko bivugwa. Ahubwo wazibonyemo inzira yo kugera ku butegetsi nazo zikubonamo uwarutaga babi benshi bashoboraga gufatanya nazo.

2. Uretse ibyo wavugishijwe n’umujinya, akababaro no kubura ikindi ukora ntiwari umugome, ntiwari umwicanyi nk’abo ugiye mwicaranye. Abo imvugo zawe za vuba aha zakomerekeje reka mbagusabire bazumve izindi nziza zazibanjirije mu bihe bigoye, nibabibasha bazakubabarire.

3. Ruhukira mu mahoro musangirangendo Twagiramungu mwene Gishungu Jean.

Christophe Shyaka
Kicukiro, Kigali.

Ubwanditsi: Umwanditsi w’iyi nkuru yabanye bya hafi na Twagiramungu Faustin muri MDR muri za 90. Nyuma yaje gutahuka, kuri ubu atuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali aho ategurira ubuzima bwe bw’izabukuru.