Ni icyorezo cyahagurukije inzego zitandukanye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga hagamijwe kukirwanya no kugisobanurira abantu kugira ngo bakimenye neza babashe no kucyirinda bakizi.

Uko imyaka yahise indi igataha abantu bamenye ko SIDA itandurira mu kuramukanya, gusangira, kwicarana n’uwayanduye cyangwa kumukoraho ahubwo yandurira cyane mu mibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye n’igihe amaraso cyangwa amatembabuzi y’uwayanduye ahuye n’ay’undi muntu muzima.

Ubukangurambaga bwarakomeje abantu babuzwa guha akato umuntu wanduye Virusi itera SIDA kugeza ubwo babyumva ndetse n’abayanduye batangira gutinyuka kwigaragaza mu ruhame bagatanga n’ubuhamya.

Nyuma yaho haje imiti igabanya ubukana ku buryo umuntu uyifata neza akomeza kubaho neza agakora akazi ke nta kibazo.

Byifashe gute mu Rwanda?

Imibare yo mu 2022 y’abanduye SIDA itangwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) igaragaza ko abanduye kuri ubu ari ibihumbi 230 bangana na 3%, abafata imiti igabanya ubukana ni 94%.

Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije wa RBC, Noella Bigirimana, yavuze ko Leta kuri ubu yafashe gahunda yo kongera aho abantu bipimishiriza SIDA kugira ngo abagifite imbogamizi yo kwipimisha iveho, abantu bamenye uko bahagaze.

Yavuze ko nubwo igihugu gihagaze neza mu kurwanya SIDA, hakiri imbogamizi mu kuyirwanya mu rubyiruko kuko umubare munini w’abandura bashya ari ho wiganje.

Ati “Ubwandu busigaye bwiganje mu rubyiruko ruri mu kigero cy’imyaka 15- 24 muri bo abenshi ni abafite Virusi itera SIDA batabizi.”

Ubwandu bushya mu Rwanda

Gukumira SIDA kugira ngo icike burundu ni uko hakumirwa ubwandu bushya noneho abanduye bakigishwa kutanduza abandi naho abatarandura bakirinda.

Gusa bisa n’ibigoye kuko hari bamwe batagitinya SIDA aho usanga bavuga ko ‘ari indwara nk’izindi’.

Umukozi wa RBC ushinzwe ubushakashatsi muri porogaramu ya VIH/SIDA, Dr Eric Remera, yavuze ko imibare bafite yerekana ko ku mwaka mu Rwanda handura abantu bashya bagera ku bihumbi bitanu.

Ati “Ubwandu bushya uyu munsi butwereka ko ku mwaka mu Rwanda handura abantu ibihumbi bitanu ni ko ubushakashatsi bwabigaragaje. Noneho muri ibyo bihumbi bitanu 33% yabo ni urubyiruko; ni ukuvuga ngo byibuze ni abantu 1500. Muri abo 1500 abakobwa bakubye inshuro ebyiri abahungu; ubwo abahungu ni nka 500 abakobwa bakaba nka 1000.”

Umukobwa ukora umwuga w’uburaya mu Karere ka Huye mu Murenge wa Mbazi, yavuze ko benshi mu bakiliya bamugana harimo abamwishyura amafaranga menshi kugira ngo ntibakoreshe agakingirizo.

Ati “Abakiliya benshi batugana ntabwo bakunda agakingirizo, hari nubwo akwishyura amafaranga menshi kugira ngo muryamanire aho [nta gakingirizo]; kubera ko nanjye mba nkeneye amafaranga iyo ayampaye menshi ndamwemerera twamara kubikora ubwo nkajya gushaka ibinini [bituma adasama].”

Mukangenzi Clementine ukuriye abakobwa bakora uburaya mu Karere ka Huye we asanga urubyiruko rwinshi ruri kwandura SIDA mu maherere kubera kwizera abantu cyane.

Ati “Reka ntanjye urugero ku biga hano muri kaminuza, murahurira mu kabari mukemeranya amafaranga mwajya kuryamana wamubaza agakingirizo akakubwira ko atajya agakoresha, kandi ntakuzi ariko agahita akwizera. Hari n’abo tuganira akakubwira ngo SIDA yandurwa n’abantu bakuru, njye sinayandura.”

Ufata imiti neza ashobora kutagaragaza ubwandu mu maraso

Muri iki gihe hari bamwe mu bagabo n’abasore bavuga ko badashobora gukoresha agakingirizo kuko ngo ‘kabishya imibonano mpuzabitsina’ ariko wababaza uko birinda SIDA bakavuga ko mbere yo kuryamana n’umugore cyangwa umukobwa babanza kumupima bakoresheje ’Rapid HIV Test.’

Rapid HIV Test ni agakoresho kaboneka muri za farumasi gafasha umuntu kwisuzuma ko yanduye Virusi itera SIDA atiriwe ajya kwipimisha kwa muganga.

Umwe mu rubyiruko ati “Njyewe ntabwo nkunda agakingirizo kuko karangora kugakoresha, numva bitaryoshya imibonano. Kugira ngo ntazandura SIDA umukobwa tugiye kuryamana mbanza kumupima nkareba ko atanduye.”

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Ubunyamabanga bw’Urwego Rushinzwe Imyigishirize y’Abakozi bo mu Rwego rw’Ubuzima, Dr Patrick Ndimubanzi, yavuze ko abantu banduye SIDA bafata neza imiti, virusi zitakigaragara mu maraso yabo.

Ati “Imiti dutanga yose ni myiza kandi ifasha abantu bayifata. Ibyo bigaragara mu mibare dufite kuko abantu bose bafata imiti muri abo tuba twamenye, abari hejuru ya 91% virusi itera SIDA ntabwo zikigaragara mu maraso yabo, bivuga ko imiti ikora.”

Ibi bishimangirwa na Byukusenge Charlène wo mu Karere ka Rwamagana uvuga ko amaze imyaka 28 afite agakoko gatera SIDA mu mubiri we kandi afata imiti igabanya ubukana ku buryo ubu nta virusi zayo zikigaragara mu maraso ye.

Ati “Mu myaka 10 maze ku miti nta kibazo ndahura na cyo; nta narimwe ndagira virusi zibarika mu maraso.”

Aganira na IGIHE yavuze ko nta Virusi ya SIDA ikigaragara mu maraso kuko afata imiti neza. Ati “Nta virusi zikigaragara mu maraso yanjye kuko mfata imiti neza.”

Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwa RBC bwerekana ko umuntu wanduye SIDA akaba afata imiti neza igabanya ubukana bwayo ashobora kuryamana n’umuntu muzima batikingiye ntamwanduze, abantu baragirwa inama yo kugira amakenga.

Umukozi wa RBC ushinzwe ubushakashatsi muri porogaramu ya VIH/SIDA, Dr Eric Remera, yagiriye inama abantu bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abantu benshi cyangwa abo batashakanye gukoresha agakingirizo.

Ati “Inama twabagira ni uko bagomba kugakoresha [agakingirizo] kuko kabarinda kwandura. Waba usiramuye cyangwa uwo mugiye kuryamana wamupimye, ibyiza ni uko wakoresha agakingirizo kugira ngo wirinde.”

Yavuze ko hari abafite imyumvire ko ‘aho gutwara inda bakwandura SIDA’, abagira inama yo kurinda ubuzima bwabo bifata cyangwa bagakoresha agakingirizo igihe cyose bagiye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Dr Remera yavuze ko umuntu usiramuye bimurinda kwandura SIDA ku kigereranyo cya 60% ariko ibyiza ari uko yajya akoresha agakingirizo igihe cyose agiye kuryamana n’umugore cyangwa umukobwa kugira ngo birinde.

Yabibukije ko kuba umuntu asiramuye bidakuraho ko yakwandura n’izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, asaba abantu kumenya ibyiza by’agakingirizo.

Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ivuga ko igiye gutangiza by’umwihariko ubukangurambaga bw’amezi atatu aho izarushaho gukomeza kwegera urubyiruko barwigisha kumenya SIDA n’ibijyanye na yo; kumenya uko buri wese ahagaze no kumenya ko umuntu wayanduye ashobora guhabwa imiti mu mavuriro menshi yo mu Rwanda kandi ko iyo umuntu afashe imiti neza ashobora kutanduza abandi.

Ku Isi hose imibare y’umwaka ushize igaragaza ko abanduye SIDA ari miliyoni 38,4 barimo abakuru bayanduye ni miliyoni 36,7 mu gihe abari munsi y’imyaka 15 ari miliyoni 1,7. Muri aba bose abagore n’abakobwa bihariye 54%.

Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije wa RBC, Noella Bigirimana, avuga ko Leta y'u Rwanda yashyize ingufu mu gukumira ubwandu bushya bwa SIDA

Byukusenge yagarutse ku bantu banga kwipimisha bibwira ko nibasanga baranduye SIDA bazananirwa kwiyakira ndetse bakanarwara indwara z’ibyuririzi, ababwira ko bibeshya cyane