Nyerere wavukiye muri Tanzania kuwa 13 Mata 1922, yize muri Kaminuza ya Makerere muri Uganda na Kaminuza ya Edinburgh mu Bwongereza.
Ubwo Tanzania yemerwaga nka guverinoma yigenga mu 1960 Nyerere yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe akuriwe na Guverineri w’Umwongereza Sir Richard Turnbull, aho Tanzania ibereye Repubulika mu 1962, ayibera Umukuru w’Igihugu kugeza mu 1985.
Nyerere watangiye urugendo rwe ari umwarimu w’Amateka, Icyongereza n’Igiswahili, yakunzwe na benshi mu gihugu cye no hanze, agera aho yitwa “Baba wa Taifa” cyangwa Umubyeyi w’Igihugu.
Afatwa nk’Umunyafurika nyawe, waharaniye ko uyu mugabane ugira ubwisanzure busesuye, ko Afurika igira ijambo, akaba n’umwe mu bashinze Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika, OUA ubu yahindutse AU.
Nyerere yibukirwa ku mbwirwaruhame yavuze zigaruka ahanini kuri Afurika yifuzaga, ishyize hamwe kandi igatera imbere.
Ubwo Tanganyika yari imaze kwemerwa nka guverinoma yigenga mu 1960, Nyerere yabwiye Gen. Richard Gordon Turnbull ko atemeranya n’abashobora gukandamiza abandi bitwaje ibara ry’uruhu.
Ati “Muri Tanganyika twizera ko ikibi kibaho, ari abantu batemera Imana bashobora kugira ibara ry’uruhu ikintu gikomeye kigenderwaho mu guha umuntu uburenganzira yemerewe”,
Nyerere yagize uruhare mu gushinga ishyaka, Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), ndetse ku gihe cye ,Tanganyika yayoborwaga n’ishyaka rukumbi. Ubwo yabazwaga kuri demokarasi ishingiye ku ishyaka rimwe cyangwa amashyaka menshi mu 1991, Nyerere yasubije ko ibiba ahandi atari byo bigomba gukwira hose.
Ati “Demokarasi si nk’icupa rya Coca-Cola ushobora gutumiza mu mahanga. Demokarasi igomba gukorwa hagendewe ku gihugu runaka igomba gukoreshwamo. Sinigeze njya mu gihugu ngo mbone amashyaka menshi ngo mbifate ko ari demokarasi. Ntabwo ushobora gusobanura Demokarasi gusa wifashishije amashyaka menshi.”
Nyerere nk’umuntu waharaniye ko Afurika yishyira hamwe, yakunze kugira ati “Hatabayeho ubumwe, Afurika ntahazaza ifite”.
Uruhare rwe rukomeza kugaragarira ku buryo yafashaga cyane ngo ivanguraruhu rya Apartheid ricike burundu muri Afurika y’Epfo, ndetse n’uburyo yayoboye bagenzi be bayoboraga ibihugu bitandukanye mu gukuraho ubutegetsi bw’abazungu mu cyitwaga Rhodesie ubu cyahindutse Zimbabwe, cyangwa uko yasabwaga ubufasha mu Rwanda no mu Burundi.
Ubwo yari muri Ghana muri Werurwe 1997, yagize ati “Ubumwe ntabwo buzatugira abakire, ariko bishobora gutuma kuri Afurika n’Abanyafurika bigorana gusuzugurwa cyangwa guterwa ubwoba.”
Nyerere yashimangiye kenshi ko ibi bihugu bya Afurika bigomba kwigenga. Mu butumwa yageneye abaturage be mu ijambo ry’umwaka mushya muri Mutarama 1968, yagize ati “Nta gihugu na kimwe gifite uburenganzira bwo gufatira ibyemezo ikindi gihugu; nk’uko nta baturage babifatira abandi baturage”
Hari n’aho yigeze kugira ati “Ibyemezo bifatirwa i Washington ntabwo ari ingenzi kuri twe kurusha ibifatiwe hano i Dar Es Salaam. Bitabaye ibyo ahari abaturage banjye nabo bakwemererwa kujya bitabira amatora ya Perezida wa Amerika.’’
Nyerere yakunze kugaragaza ko iterambere abaturage batagizemo uruhare ridashoboka. Ati “Ntabwo ugomba guteza imbere abaturage. Ugomba gufasha abaturage bakiteza imbere.”
Gusa Nyerere nk’umuntu waharaniye ko igihugu cye cyigenga, hari aho yanenze uburyo bamwe mu barwaniye ubwigenge bw’ibihugu byabo, basa n’abateshutse ku ntego bagaragazaga mu gihe cy’urugamba.
Mu gitabo The Africans cy’Umunyamerika David Sherman Lamb wakoreraga ikinyamakuru Los Angeles Times, yazengurutse Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara akusanya ubuhamya bw’abaperezida, abayobozi b’inyeshyamba, abarimu muri kaminuza n’abandi.
Muri icyo gitabo Julius Nyerere yagize ati “Twavugaga ndetse tukanagaragaza ko turamutse duhawe umwanya wo kwiyobora twakwihutira gukora ibintu bitigeze bibaho. Ahubwo kudakurikiza ubutabera, ndetse n’igitugu, biraganje”.
Nyerere yagaragaje ko adashyigikiye imikorere ya ‘Capitalisme’, aho ubukungu buba buri mu maboko y’abikorera.
Kuwa 2 Mutarama 1973, ubwo yari i Khartoum muri Sudani, yagize ati “Capitalisme bivuga ko rubanda ruzakora, ubundi abantu bacye badashobora no kugira icyo bakora babe aribo bungukira muri iyo mirimo. Abake bazicara mu minsi mikuru, ubundi rubanda barye ibyo basigaje.’’
Nyerere afatwa nk’uwari ufite imvugo yoroheje, ariko akagira ubuhanga bwo kuvugira mu ruhame kandiakaba n’umuhanga mu bijyanye na politiki.
Ibitekerezo bye, n’imbwirwaruhame, byakusanyirijwe mu bitabo bye yise Uhuru na Umoja cyo mu 1967 na Uhuru na Maendeleo cyo mu 1973. Nyerere kandi azwiho kuba yarabashije guhindura mu giswahili amakinamico abiri y’Umwongereza William Shakespeare, ariyo The Merchant of Venice na Julius Caesar.
Nyerere yitiriwe ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo ikibuga cy’indege, Julius Nyerere International Airport i Dar es Salaam, inyubako iberamo inama ya Julius Nyerere International Convention Centre, ikiraro cya Nyerere Bridge mu gace ka Kigamboni, ishuri ryo muri kaminuza ya Zimbabwe, Great Zimbabwe University - Julius Nyerere School of Social Sciences n’ibindi.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO