Yabitangaje kuri uyu wa 1 Ukuboza 2022, ubwo Inteko Rusange y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, Imitwe yombi yagezwagaho raporo y’ibikorwa bya Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2021/2022.

Abasenateri n’Abadepite bashimye raporo ya BNR ikubiyemo ibyakozwe mu kubungabunga ubukungu bw’Igihugu.

Basabye ko ingamba zihari zakomeza guteza imbere inzego zirimo ubuhinzi n’ubwishingizi no kurushaho gusobanurira abaturage ibijyanye n’imari.

Senateri Uwizeyimana yavuze ko kugeza ubu hakiri ikibazo cy’inyungu ku nguzanyo ihenze cyane ku buryo usanga bikomeza kungura abafite amabanki ariko abakiliya bazo ntibunguke.

Kugeza ubu, impuzandengo y’inyungu ku nguzanyo zitangwa na banki z’ubucuruzi mu Rwanda igeze kuri 16%. Ni mu gihe ariko muri rusange mu bigo by’imari usanga inyungu ku nguzanyo iba itandukanye.

Igiteye inkeke kurushaho ni uko usanga Amakoperative yo kuzigama no kugurizanya nk’Umurenge SACCO, ari nayo yegereye abaturage inguzanyo ihenze cyane. Inyungu ku nguzanyo muri Sacco igera kuri 24%.

Senateri Uwizeyimana ati “Hari n’ubwo njya nibaza ibibazo biri mu bukungu bwa Afurika kuko inyungu ku nguzayo zikomeza kuba hejuru cyane. Hari n’ubwo tureba tukavuga tuti ’turebe mu karere uko byifashe, usanga banki koko zirunguka pe n’inyungu zazo babishyira ahagaragara ku buryo n’abantu babimenya’.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Ariko abakiliya b’ayo mabanki bararira, bose baravuga ko bigenda nabi, sinzi niba babeshya. Hari n’aho ubona cyamunara ari byinshi kandi ntabwo cyamunara ari ikigaragaza urwego rw’amabanki rukora neza, ahubwo ni ikinyuranyo.”

Senateri Uwizeyimana avuga ko ubundi abakiliya ba banki batagakwiriye guhererwa inguzanyo ku giciro kimwe.

Yatanze urugero rw’umukiliya umaze imyaka 20 akorana na banki yishyura neza ku buryo nk’uwo biba bidakwiye ko inyungu ku nguzanyo ye ingana n’iy’umuntu ugitangira ubucuruzi cyangwa uwafunguye konti ejo.

Ati “Ubundi iyo basesengura dosiye zisaba inguzanyo, barareba bakavuga bati umukiliya umaze imyaka 30 yishyura neza cyangwa 20 akorana na banki […] Ahandi hari uburyo umuntu wishyura neza yoroherezwa, usanga ahandi banarwanira abo bakiliya bishyura neza.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Hari ibintu bimeze nka mituweli mu rwego rw’imari hano, byo gusaranganya ibyago cyangwa igihombo […] ngo ubwo duhaye inguzanyo abantu 100 hari 30 batazishyura neza cyangwa bizananira reka ibyo byago tubisaranganye muri ba bakiliya beza.”

Igihombo kiza mbere yo gufata inguzanyo…

Senateri Uwizeyimana avuga ko abaturage bakwiye no kwigishwa uko bakoresha serivisi z’imari ku buryo harebwa niba ufashe inguzanyo aba agiye kuyikoresha ibyo yayisabiye koko.

Ati “Ibi rero bya cyamunara biterwa ahari n’uko mbona banki zacu zitagira abantu baherekeza abakiliya ngo bamenye n’ibyo bagiye gukoresha amafaranga batwaye. Umuntu arafata amafaranga muri banki agiye gucuruza, akabanza akikenura, agakemura ibindi bibazo, agahomba n’umushinga utaratangira.”

Kuri we ngo hakwiye kubaho abakozi bashinzwe gukurikirana abakiliya bafashe inguzanyo kugira ngo bamenye ko bazikoresheje ibyo bazisabiye.

Ati “Banki zikurikirana gute ngo zimenye niba icyo umuntu yasabiye amafaranga ari cyo ayakoresha? Kuko biragaragara ko umuntu […] abacuruzi rwose ararya igishoro akarya n’inyungu byose bivangavanze ntamenye ibyo ari byo.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Noneho banki ikavuga ngo dufite inzu ye tuzayigurisha. Ngatekereza ko atari uburyo bwiza bwo gukora kuko urabibona, iyo baguhaye amafaranga kuri 18% bagakuramo za komisiyo [….] uhaguruka muri banki uri kuri 23% cyangwa 25%. Uhomba n’amafaranga utarayajyana […]kuko umuntu arafata inguzanyo ya miliyoni 20 Frw mu myaka itanu ukazishyura miliyoni 40 Frw.”

Ubusanzwe mu kugena igiciro cy’inyungu ku nguzanyo, ibigo by’imari bigendera ku ngingo zitandukanye zirimo igiciro fatizo ndetse hakabaho no gusesengura ibyago byo kutabasha kwishyura.

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, John Rwangombwa yavuze ko kuba banki zunguka ari ibintu byo kwishimira kuko ayo bunguka bayasubiza muri banki akayongerera ubushobozi bwo gutanga inguzanyo n’ibindi.

Ati “50% y’inyungu baba babonye akenshi bahita bayasubizamo bikabafasha kongera ubushobozi bwo kongera gutanga inguzanyo no gufasha izamuka ry’urwego rw’abikorera. Uko bagira igishoro gihagije n’iyo bagize igihombo baba bafite uko bagicunga ntibibe byasenya urwego rw’imari.”

Ibijyanye no guherekeza umukiliya, Rwangombwa yavuze ko ari byo bagira inama amabanki kuko na yo ahombera mu guteza cyamunara imitungo y’abakiliya bayo.

Ati “Guherekeza umukiliya ntabwo ari inyungu ze gusa ahubwo ni n’iza banki. Cyamunara yakagombye kuza ari ikintu cya nyuma wabuze ukundi ubigenza. Kuko ugiye kugurisha ingwate, umukiliya arahomba na banki ikaba yahomba.”

BNR igaragaza ko umutungo w’urwego rw’imari mu Rwanda muri rusange umaze kwikuba inshuro zigera ku 10 ugereranyije n’imyaka 10 ishize.

Rwangombwa ati “Uko kuzamuka urebye inyungu ntabwo ari bene ayo mabanki bayifite ahubwo inyungu akenshi ni ku bukungu bw’igihugu, ni ku bagana ibigo by’imari kuko bifite ubushobozi bwo kubafasha gukora ibikorwa byabo.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Tubirebeye ku rwego rw’igihugu twakwifuza ko tugira urwego rw’imari rukomeza gutera imbere, rushobora kureshya abashoramari ku rwego mpuzamahanga.”

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yashyizeho itsinda rishinzwe kurengera abaguzi ari nabo bakora ubukangurambaga bwo gusobanurira Abanyarwanda uko bakorana n’ibigo by’imari harimo n’uburenganzira bwabo ku guhabwa inguzanyo ihendutse.

Senateri Uwizeyimana yavuze ko abanyarwanda bakwiye kwigisha imikoreshereze y'amafaranga baguza muri za banki

Guverineri John Rwangombwa na Visi Guverineri Soraya Hakuziyaremye bagejeje ku Nteko ibikorwa bya BNR

Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yagejejweho ibikorwa bya Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda, John Rwangombwa yavuze ko abakiliya ba banki bafite uburyo bwo guhitamo ahari inguzanyo ihendutse