Indwara zitandura ni umwe mu mitwaro iremereye inzego z’ubuzima mu Rwanda, cyane ko imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima igaragaza ko imibare y’abahitanwa n’indwara nka kanseri, diabetes, impyiko, indwara z’umutima n’iz’ubuhumekero igeze mu 59% by’impfu zose ziboneka mu gihugu.

Ni izamuka rikabije kuko mu 1990 izi ndwara zari zifite uruhare rwa 16% mu mpfu zose zariho icyo gihe.

Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, igaragaza ko nibura mu Banyarwanda 30, umwe aba afite indwara ya diabetes kandi igahitana abarenga 1900 buri mwaka. Ikirushijeho gutera inkeke ngo ni uko abenshi mu Banyarwanda bafite iyi ndwara batabizi.

Indi ndwara itandura igaragazwa n’inzego z’ubuzima nk’iteye inkeke ni kanseri, aho imibare yo hagati ya 2007 na 2018 igaragaza ko muri icyo gihe abagabo 1,019 basanganywe kanseri ya prostate, abantu 1600 basanganwa kanseri y’igifu, abagore basanganywe kanseri y’inkondo y’umura ni 2,440 mu gihe abasanganywe iy’ibere ari 2,382.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) kigaragaza ko nibura kuva mu 2020 kugera mu 2025, u Rwanda ruzakoresha nibura miliyari 385,15 Frw mu guhangana n’izi ndwara zitandura, agera kuri miliyari 136,22 Frw akazakoreshwa mu guhangana n’izijyanye n’umutima na diabetes gusa.

Agera kuri miliyari 106,71 Frw azakoreshwa mu guhangana na kanseri, mu gihe miliyari 11Frw zo zizakoreshwa mu guhangana n’indwara zifata imyanya y’ubuhumekero.

Aya mafaranga yose azakoreshwa mu bikorwa byo gupima izi ndwara, gukora ubukangurambaga bwo kuzirinda ndetse no mu bikorwa byo gutanga ubuvuzi ku bazirwaye.

Inzego z’ubuzima z’u Rwanda zigaragaza ko amafaranga menshi "akwiriye kujya mu bikorwa bigamije kwirinda kuko bitagenze gutyo igihugu cyazakomeza gutanga akayabo mu kwita ku bamaze kurwara".

Imibereho igezweho irabashyira habi

Ikirushijeho gutera impungenge kuri iki kibazo cy’indwara zitandura ni uko zisigaye zigaragara no bantu bato, ibintu bitagaragaraga cyane mu myaka mike ishize.

Ubw’inganze bw’izi ndwara zitandura mu rubyiruko bushimangira na Dr Sendegeya Augustin, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishizwe Ubuvuzi mu Bitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal, uvuga ko mu barwayi basigaye bakira harimo n’abato kandi bafite indwara zikomeye zitandura.

Ati "Ntibyagutangaza ubu kubona umuntu ku myaka 30 impyiko zarapfuye burundu, turabafite."

Dr. Sendegeya avuga ko kuba abato basigaye bari mu bibasiwe n’indwara zitandura biterwa ahanini n’imibereho y’uyu munsi benshi bafata nk’ubusirimu, aho nta mwana ukigenda n’amaguru, ngo arye ibiryo bitogosheje cyangwa ngo anywe amazi hari ’Fanta’ na ’Coca Cola’.

Ati "Dufate nk’umwana muto wiga mu mashuri abanza, usanga abyuka mu gitondo mbere yo kujya ku ishuri anyoye icyayi n’umugati, yagera ku ishuri akiga yicaye kugeza atashye, ubundi akajya kongera kureba televiziyo no kurya."

Yakomeje avuga ko kimwe mu bintu byahindutse mu mibereho y’uyu munsi ku isonga haza imirire ituzuye, itandukanye n’iyo abantu bo hambere bafataga.

Ati "Kera ibiryo bya Kinyarwanda uko twaryaga wasangaga ibyinshi ari imboga, ariko ubu ni amasukari menshi, ni amavuta menshi, imboga nke."

Ibivugwa na Dr Sendegeya binashimangirwa n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku kibazo cy’imirire mu Rwanda, aho bwagaragaje ko kurya imboga n’imbuto biri hasi mu Banyarwanda.

Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragara muri gahunda y’igihugu y’imyaka itanu (2020-2025) yo kurwanya indwara zitandura, bugaragaza ko Abanyarwanda 99,6% nibura buri munsi batarya imbuto eshanu ziri mu z’ingenzi. Ibi ni nako bimeze ku mboga kuko abagera kuri 99,3% nabo buri munsi batarya ubwoko bw’imboga eshanu z’ingenzi mu mibiri.

Dr Sendegeya avuga ko iyi ndyo ituzuye ariyo igenda igatera benshi mu rubyiruko ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije.

Ati "Nyuma y’imyaka mike ibintu uyu mwana arya umubiri we utabikenera bizamuviramo kubyibuha no kwiyongera kw’ibinure, ugasanga urwagashya rugize ikibazo kubera isukari nyinshi n’ibindi, cyangwa bya binure udakoresha bikaziba imiyoboro y’amaraso."

Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje kandi ko mu Rwanda, abantu 2,8% bafite indwara y’umubyibuho ukabije, 14% bakagira ikibazo cy’ibiro bikabije.

Iki kibazo cyiganje cyane mu bantu b’imyaka 35 na 54, kikaboneka mu mijyi cyane by’umwihariko Kigali, kuko ifite abagera kuri 7,7%.

Ikindi Dr Sendegeya agaragaza nk’igikomeje gushyira abato mu byago byo kurwara indwara zitandura, ni umuco mubi wo kudakora siporo n’imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibi ngo kera siko byari bimeze kuko abantu bakoraga ingendo nyinshi n’amaguru.

Ati "Abantu ntibagishaka kugenda n’amaguru. Dufate nk’umwana wawe, buri munsi umujyana ku ishuri mu modoka, yagerayo akicara, bajya mu mwanya wo gukina ugasanga nabwo yicaye kuko ibibuga byo gukiniraho si byinshi cyane. Isaha yo gutaha nabwo yaza ukamushyira mu modoka."

Imibare ya RBC igaragaza ko 13.3% by’Abanyarwanda badakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije kandi ari bumwe mu buryo bushobora gufasha umuntu kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Mu bindi inzobere z’ubuzima zigaragaza nk’ibishyira Abanyarwanda mu byago byo kurwara indwara zitandura, harimo kunywa inzoga nyinshi biri ku kigero cya 41,2% (abagabo 52% n’abagore 31,4%) no kunywa itabi biniganje mu rubyiruko.