Mu gihe bimenyerewe ko umugabo yifuza umugore mu gihe cy’imibonano mpuzamabitsina, kuri aba bantu uzasanga bitandukanye, aho umugabo yifuza umugabo mugenzi we, umugore na we bikaba uko, kandi ibyiyumvo byabo bikaba ari karemano, nk’uko umuntu yifuza undi ufite igitsina gitandukanye n’icye.

Uyu muryango ugizwe n’ibyiciro byinshi by’abantu, bikubiye mu izina rya LGBTQ, aho buri nyuguti ihagarariye icyiciro runaka kigize uwo muryango. Nka L isobanuye ‘Lesbian’,ku bagore bifuza kuryamana n’abandi mu gihe G igahagararira ‘Gay’, ni ukuvuga abagabo bifuza kuryamana n’abandi bagabo bagenzi babo.

Hari kandi na B ihagarariye ‘Bisexual’, bigasobanura umuntu uryamana n’abandi bafite ibitsina byombi, rimwe akaryamana n’abo bahuje igitsina, ubundi akaryamana n’abo badahuje igitsina.

T ihagarariye ‘Transgender’, ikavuga abantu biyumvamo kugira igitsina gitandukanye n’icyo bahawe bakivuka, cyangwa icyo bitirirwa magingo aya, barimo n’ababa barihinduje igitsina.

Q igahagarira ‘Queer’, ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga abantu bose bisanga muri ibyo byiciro, ndetse rikanakoreshwa mu gusobanura abantu bakirimo kwiga ku byiyumvo byabo ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’imibiri n’igitsina cyabo, bashyirwa mu cyiciro cya ‘Questioning’.

Abaryamana bahuje ibitsina bakomotse he?

Kenshi twibwira ko abantu baryamana bahuje ibitsina ari itsinda ry’inzaduka, rifite imyitwarire yatewe n’ubusirimu, urwiganwa cyangwa iterambere, icyakora abagize uyu muryango bahozeho. Mu gitabo cy’Intangiriro kiri mu bigize Bibiliya, mu gice cya 18, hagaragaramo inkuru z’imijyi ibiri ya Sodoma na Gomora, bivugwa ko yarimbuwe n’Imana kubera ibyaha byayo birimo kuryamana kw’abantu bahuje ibitsina.

Ikigambiriwe hano si ukwerekana ko Imana yahannye abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, ahubwo ni ukwerekana ko aba bantu batangiye kuvugwa kera cyane, kuko amateka yerekana ko iki gitabo cyanditswe ahagana mu 1440 mbere y’Ivuka rya Yezu.

Uretse Bibiliya, inkuru z’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina zagaragaye mu nyandiko ziri mu bice by’Isi bitandukanye, nk’aho zavuzwe mu Bushinwa mu myaka irenga 600 mbere y’Ivuka rya Yezu, mu Buhinde ndetse no mu basangwabutaka bari batuye muri Amerika mbere y’uko abakoloni bahabasanga.

Kuba abaryamana bahuje ibitsina barabayeho mu bihe bya kera, kandi bakagaragara mu bice bitandukanye by’Isi, ni kimwe mu byo abantu bamwe baheraho bemeza ko kuryamana kw’abahuje ibitsina atari amahitamo yabo, ahubwo ari ko baremye mu miterere y’ubuzima bwabo. Iyi ngingo yakunze gukurura impaka cyane mu bihe bitandukanye, ari na byo byatumye abahanga mu by’ubuzima, bayikoraho ubushakashatsi bwinshi.

Ubwamenyekanye cyane ni ubwasohotse mu 2019, bwari bugamije kumenya impamvu abantu baryamana bahuje ibitsina. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bantu barenga ibihumbi 470 baryamana n’abo bahuje ibitsina, ari na bwo bwa mbere bunini bwakozwe ku bantu bari muri uyu muryango, aho bwamaze imyaka 13.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwari bugamije kugenzura impamvu abantu bagira imiterere nk’iy’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, aho bwerekanye ko imiterere yabo idaterwa n’akaremangingo kamwe, ahubwo iterwa n’uturemangingo tugera kuri 40, byose bihamya ko iyi miterere ari karemano, aho kuba amahitamo abantu bagira.

Benjamin Neale, umuhanga mu by’uturemangingo ubyigisha muri Kaminuza zirimo Havard, akaba ari n’umwe mu bayoboye ubu bushakashatsi, yavuze ko ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko imiterere y’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina “Ari ibintu biba mu bantu, kandi ni kimwe mu bigize ubuzima bwacu.”

Imbogamizi z’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda

Kuryamana n’uwo uhuje igitsina nawe si icyaha mu Rwanda, kuko nta ngingo y’Itegeko ry’u Rwanda ibihanira. Icyakora nanone, nubwo nta wahana umuntu uryamana n’undi bahuje igitsina, amategeko yo mu Rwanda aracyabazitira ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe, kuko atabemerera ibirimo gushakana no kubaka umuryango, kuko itegeko ry’umuryango rigena ko umugabo abana n’umugore.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu mu Muryango Uharanira Guteza Imbere Ubuzima (HDI), Christopher Sengoga, yavuze ko uretse imbogamizi mu by’amategeko, abaryamana bahuje ibitsina bagifite ibindi bibazo birimo ibyo kubona serivisi z’ubuzima bakunze gukenera cyane.

Yagize ati “Indi mbogamizi bahura na yo ni ukubona serivisi z’ubuzima. Abaganga benshi ntibaramenya kubitaho mu buryo bw’umwihariko, nubwo turi gufatanya n’inzego za Leta mu kubahugura, ku buryo mu gihe bagiye gushaka serivisi zijyanye n’ubuzima bwabo bwihariye, bazibona nta nkomyi.”

Umwe mu bagize umuryango wa LGBTQ twaganiriye utashatse ko dutangaza amazina ye, yavuze ko hari ubwo batinya kujya kwa muganga kuko batizeye uburyo bari bwitabweho.

Ati “Hari ubwo ushobora kujya kwa muganga, wakuramo [imyenda] ugira ngo wereke umuganga uburwayi bwawe, ugasanga aratunguwe cyangwa ntahite abyumva neza, niyo mpamvu abenshi bahitamo kureka kwivuza kuko bamwe baba badashaka ko bimenyekana [ko bari mu muryango wa LGBTQ].”

Uyu munyamuryango ariko yavuze ko hari abaganga bamwe bamaze kumenya uko babavura, barimo nk’abaganga bo Ivuriro ryo kwa Nyiranuma mu Karere ka Nyarugenge.

Ati “Barabizi kuko barabihuguriwe, iyo umuntu agiyeyo ntabwo aba yikandagira kandi biradushimisha.”

Sengoga yavuze ko ku bufatanye na Leta, bamaze guhugura abaganga bashinzwe kwita ku bibazo byihariye by’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu bigo nderabuzima 25, birimo ibyo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Huye na Nyaruguru, ndetse ko bari gukora “Ku bushakashatsi buzerekana neza imibereho y’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda.”

Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubuzima, RBC, gisanzwe gitanga serivisi zimwe na zimwe ku baryamana bahuje ibitsina, zirimo imiti ibafasha mu bihe by’imibonano mpuzabitsina n’ubundi buvuzi butandukanye, ndetse kijya kibakoraho ubushakashatsi butandukanye, dore ko iki cyiciro kiri mu byibasirwa n’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Umuryango Nyarwanda nturakira abaryamana bahuje ibitsina

Uretse amategeko ndetse no kubona serivisi z’ubuzima, ibindi bibangamiye abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda, ni uko Umuryango Nyarwanda utarumva neza imiterere yabo, bigatuma ubaheza ndetse rimwe na rimwe ukabahohotera.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Ntaganda Imanzi Dylan w’imyaka 19, akaba ari umwe mu bagize Umuryango wa LGBTQ mu Rwanda, yavuze ko ikintu kimuhangayikisha cyane atari ukwimwa uburenganzira na Leta y’u Rwanda, ahubwo ari imyumvire y’Umuryango Nyarwanda utarumva neza imiterere n’imyitwarire y’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina.

Ati “[Ikibazo gikomeye ni] uguhezwa n’Umuryango Nyarwanda, tukangwa, kandi buri wese ahura n’ibyo bibazo.”

Ubwo yafataga icyemezo cyo kuvuga ku mugaragaro imiterere y’umubiri we, Imanzi uri kwiga muri kaminuza yahuye n’ibibazo birimo kwirengangizwa n’inshuti ndetse na bamwe mu bagize umuryango we, nubwo nyuma bamwe muri bo baje kwakira imiterere ye bakongera kumuba hafi.

Uretse Imanzi, Nabonibo Albert wahoze asengera muri ADEPR akanaririmba indirimbo zihimbaza Imana, yahuye n’isanganya ritoroshye mu 2019 ubwo yagaragazaga imiterere y’umubiri avuga ko ari Umunyamuryango wa LGBTQ, bikamugiraho ingaruka zitandukanye zirimo kwirukanwa ku kazi, akirukanwa mu nzu yakodeshaga ndetse agatereranwa na bamwe mu nshuti ze n’abo mu muryango we.

Yagize ati “[Ubwo nari maze kuvuga imiterere y’umubiri wanjye] byabaye nk’igitangaza, abantu barahamagara, abandi bandika ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nkoresha, abandi bati ‘twari tubizi wari warakererewe’, abandi bati ‘wasaze noneho wanyweye ibiki? Byabaye ibintu ntashobora gusobanura, by’ibicantege byinshi cyane, no ku kazi birahagera, abantu twakoranaga basangira video [zigaragaza Nabonibo avuga imiterere y’umubiri we], baravuga cyane, bati ‘Albert ni umu-gay, Abert ni umutinganyi…Uruhande runini ni abantu batunguwe, bakavuga amagambo atari meza, bakayandika, bakampa ibisubizo bitari byiza cyane.”

LGBTQ; iteshagaciro ry’umuco Nyarwanda?

Nta kinini amateka agaragaza ku baryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda, nk’uko inararibonye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, Nsanzabera Jean de Dieu abyemeza, na cyane ko mu muco Nyarwanda, ingingo y’imibonano mpuzabitsina itajyaga iganirwaho mu ruhame.

Icyakora hari abatekereza ko ijambo ‘ubutinganyi’ (ntabwo ari ijambo rikwiriye), ryakunze gukoreshwa mu gusobanura abagabo baryamana n’abandi bagabo, ryerekana ko abagize LGBTQ bahozeho mu Rwanda kuva kera kuko iri jambo ubwaryo ryumvikana nk’irifite umwimerere mu Kinyarwanda, aho kuba iritirano, cyangwa ijambo ry’inzaduka.

Gusa kuri bamwe mu basanzwe bakurikiranira hafi iby’Umuco Nyarwanda, barimo nka Rutangarwamaboko, bavuga ko imyitwarire nk’iyi idakwiye gufatwa nk’aho ari ‘ikura ry’umuco’ cyangwa ‘uburenganzira bwa muntu’, bityo ngo yemerwe mu Rwanda.

Yagize ati “Umuco urakura, hanyuma abantu bagiraga ibintu bizima, ari byo twita ibintu by’i Rwanda, hanyuma bagasigara bafite ibintu bitari iby’i Rwanda, uko niko gukura k’umuco mumbwira?...[ubwo ngo] ni uburenganzira bwa muntu, arenze inzira koko, arayirenze. Ko arenze inzira se azagera he?...Umuco uratuyobora, kuko ni wo utuma tugira umutima wo kuvuga ngo ‘sigaho.’”

Ku ruhande rwa Sandrine Umutoniwase na we uri mu muryango wa LGBTQ mu Rwanda, yavuze ko bidakwiriye ko abaryamana bahuje ibitsina bafatwa nk’ibicibwa mu muryango Nyarwanda, na cyane ko imiterere y’ubuzima bwabo atari bo bayihaye.

Yagize ati "Sintekereza ko uko umuntu yaremye ari we wabyihaye, uko waremye nyine ni ko uba wararemwe, ntabwo Imana yakurema uko uri, ngo inabiguhore kandi atari wowe ubyizanamo.”

Yakomeje avuga ko guhohotera abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, “Ntaho bitandukaniye no gufata umwana ukiri muto, ugakura umwumvisha ko abantu b’Abirabura ari babi...bagomba kumva ko twese turi abantu nk’abandi, dushobora no kujya hariya tugakora akazi kamwe, tukinjiza amafaranga twese. Rero kuba umeze gutyo [kubarizwa mu muryango wa LGBTQ], ntabwo ugomba kuba ikivume mu bandi, na we uba ufite uburenganzira bumwe nk’ubw’abandi...twese turi abantu, twemera Imana imwe, ntabwo [kuba muri LGBTQ] bivuze turi aba Satani kuko turanasenga natwe.”

Bite by’ahazaza ha LGBTQ mu Rwanda?

Mu biganiro bitandukanye IGIHE yagiranye n’abagize umuryango wa LGBTQ mu Rwanda, barimo benshi bitifuje ko amazina yabo yifashishwa muri iyi nkuru, bahurije ku ngingo y’uko ‘badatewe ubwoba no gutura mu Rwanda’, kandi ko batifuza guhindura imiterere y’ubuzima bwabo bitewe n’ubwoba bwo guhohoterwa cyangwa kwamburwa uburenganzira bwabo.

Bamwe bagarutse ku Ijambo Perezida Paul Kagame yatanze mu 2014, rigaruka ku burenganzira bwa LGBT mu Rwanda, aho yavuze ko u Rwanda rudahangayikishijwe n’ikibazo cyabo.

Icyo gihe yaragize ati “LGBTQ ntiyigeze itubera ikibazo, kandi ntitwifuza kuyigira ikibazo. Turi guhangana n’ibibazo dufite, kandi nk’uko nabivuze kare, turifuza ko buri wese agira uruhare [mu kubikemura]… Kugeza ubu, nk’uko nabivuze, ibyo si ikibazo kinini kuri twe, kandi sinshaka kubigira ikibazo.”

Bahera kuri iri jambo bavuga ko bumva bisanzuye mu Rwanda, nubwo hakiri ibigikenewe kunozwa kugira ngo uburenganzira bwabo bwubahirizwe kurushaho, ibi kandi bikajyana no gufasha Umuryango Nyarwanda kurushaho kubakira.

Nabonibo yavuze ko ‘yifuza ko Leta yashyiraho urwego rureberera umuryango w’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda’, ku buryo no mu gihe bahuye n’ibibazo, birimo iby’ubuzima, amategeko n’ibindi bitandukanye, bashobora kubona aho babonera ibisubizo.

Ku ruhande rwa Imanzi, yavuze ko afite intego yo gufasha umuryango Nyarwanda kurushaho kumva imiterere y’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, avuga ko ateganya “Gutangiza ikiganiro kigaruka ku mibereho, imyitwarire n’ibindi bibaranga kugira ngo abantu barusheho kutwumva”, ndetse n’abataramenya imiterere y’ubuzima bwabo, bashobore kugira uburyo bashobora gutangira gusobanukirwa imibiri yabo.

Imanzi kandi yari aherutse gutangira gutanga ibiganiro yifashishije uburyo bwa ‘Podcast’, ariko yari aherutse kuba ahagaritse icyo kiganiro, nubwo avuga ko gutegura uburyo bwiza azongera kugitangizamo, kandi ko ‘bitazatinda’.

Ku ruhande rwa Umutoniwase, yavuze ko yifuza kuzafungura ahantu hazajya hifashishwa n’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina mu Rwanda, ku buryo bashobora kuhajya bakisanzura mu buryo bwuzuye.

Ati “Ningira ubushobozi, nzakora igishoboka cyose, nafungura ahantu bashobora guhurira hamwe bisanzuye bizwi ko aha ari ahantu habo, wenda nk’akabari kabo (gay bar), [ku buryo] ashobora gusohokeramo n’umukunzi we, cyangwa se ubwe, nta kwitwara mu buryo butandukanye, niba ari ibyo yumva ashaka kwambara, abyambare, niba ari umuntu ashaka ko bazana, bazane yumva ntacyo yishinja kuko ari kumwe n’abantu bameze kimwe. Ku buryo nshobora gusohokana n’umukunzi wanjye, ubizi ko atari bwishinje, [kandi] ari bwisanzure.”

Bikekwa ko abantu barenga 5000 bari mu muryango wa LGBTQ, ariko uyu mubare uri hejuru cyane, nk’uko bamwe muri bo babyivugira, kuko hakiri benshi bataragira imbaraga zo kubitangaza mu ruhame mu rwego rwo kwirinda ivangura bashobora kugirirwa mu Muryango Nyarwanda.

Abagize LGBTQ ntibiganje mu mijyi minini nka Kigali, ahubwo bari no mu bindi bice by’u Rwanda, ndetse hari amatsinda bamwe bahuriramo, anakorera ibikorwa byayo ku mugaragaro nko ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Sandrine Umutoniwase yavuze ko abaryamana bahuje ibitsina badakwiye kwimwa uburenganzira bwabo

Nabonibo Albert yagaragaje akarengane yahuye nako nyuma yo kwerekana ko aryamana n'abo bahuje ibitsina