Ntawe uzi ukuri kuri ibyo, ikizwi ni uko ku munsi nk’uyu mu 2011 saa saba z’amanywa zo mu Mujyi wa Sirte, Col Muammar Gaddafi yishwe n’inyeshyamba zari zimaze iminsi zizamukanye n’abaturage bari barambiwe imyaka 40 y’ubutegetsi bwe, batijwe umurindi n’ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi byibumbiye muri NATO.

Kugeza n’ubu urupfu Gaddafi yapfuye rurimo amayobera, gusa kuri internet amashusho ye ya nyuma amugaragaza mu maboko y’inyeshyamba za Conseil National de Transition (CNT) mu mujyi yakundaga cyane wa Sirte, yaviriranye amaraso umubiri wose, azisaba kumugirira impuhwe ntizimurase. Andi mashusho amugaragza yapfuye, yambaye ubusa hejuru aryamye ku mukeka, ashagawe n’abamaze kumwivugana.

Umurambo wa Gaddafi wakoreweho ubufindo, upakirwa mu modoka ya pick up inyuma, ubikwa muri firigo yahoze ikoreshwa na restaurant mu Mujyi wa Sirte mbere yo gushyingurwa muri uwo mujyi nyuma y’iminsi itanu yishwe.

Na n’ubu benshi baracyibaza iherezo ry’umwe mu bayobozi b’ibikomerezwa Afurika yari ifite ndetse wajyaga yiyita ‘Umwami ‘w’abami’ dore ko icyifuzo cye kwari ugushinga Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, akayibera Umwami cyangwa Umuyobozi.

Ambasaderi Prof Joseph Nsengimana, yahagarariye u Rwanda mu Muryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe imyaka myinshi. No mu minsi ya nyuma ya Gaddafi yari akiruhagarariyeyo.

Yigeze kubwira IGIHE ko uburyo abantu hanze bafataga Gaddafi, byari bitandukanye n’abahoranaga na we muri dipolomasi kuko yasuzuguraga cyane abandi bayobozi ba Afurika.

Gaddafi ngo yari umunyagitugu, ari nabyo byatumye benshi bamukuraho amaboko ubwo ingabo za Amerika, u Bwongereza n’u Bufaransa zamumanukiraga zije gufatanya n’inyeshyamba.

Ati “Gaddafi yari afite icyerekezo yavugaga ko ashakira Afurika yose ariko icyo cyerecyezo cyari gishingiye ku cyifuzo cye cyo kuba igihangange muri Afurika. Ntabwo cyaje ku gitekerezo cya mbere cy’ineza ya Afurika kuko yabanje gushaka kuyobora Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Abarabu, agenda ashaka kwerekana ubwo buhangange bwe, Abarabu baramunanira, nibwo yaje kubishakira muri Afurika.”

Gaddafi ari mu bantu bafashije kubyutsa umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe mu 2002 ndetse yamennyemo amafaranga atagira ingano ngo uwo muryango wongere ukore.

Col Gaddaffi yari umwe umwe mu bakuru b'ibihugu batinyitse muri Afurika, biturutse ku bukungu igihugu cye cyari gifite yanakoreshaga mu gutegeka ibindi

Libya yari kimwe mu bihugu bitanu bya mbere byateraga inkunga AU dore ko 15% by’ingengo y’imari uwo muryango wakoreshaga mbere y’urupfu rwa Gaddafi, byaturukaga muri Libya.

Gaddafi kandi yari afite ishoramari ryinshi mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika, ari nabyo byatumaga ahanini agira ijambo rinini aho anyuze hose, icyo ategetse abayobozi bakacyumvira.

Yasasiwe ibitenge i Nyamirambo, ashaka ko u Rwanda rukomeza kumwunamira

Muri Gicurasi 1985 Gaddafi yasuye u Rwanda ari nabwo yafunguraga ikigo cy’abayisilamu, ESSI Nyamirambo cyamwitiriwe akahava yemeye n’inkunga yo kubaka umuhanda uva Kimisagara ugera kuri icyo kigo.

Nzamwita Abdou wari umurinzi kuri icyo kigo, yigeze kubwira IGIHE ko Gaddafi yahawe icyubahiro kitarahabwa undi wese, kugeza ubwo abagore bamuramburiye ibitenge, nka cya gihe Yezu Kristu yinjiraga i Yeruzalemu ahetswe n’icyana cy’indogobe.

Nzamwita yagize ati “Abasiramukazi bashashe ibitenge n’amakanga anyuraho guhera mu Biryogo. Bamusabye kuvamo agenda n’amaguru bamwishimiye, bamuririmbira bamwe abasuhuza mu ntoki.”

Mu minsi ye ya nyuma, ibihugu byinshi by'umwihariko ibya Afurika byari byatangiye kumukuraho amaboko

Nubwo benshi bamubonaga mu isura y’umuntu mwiza ukunda Afurika, Ambasaderi Nsengimana avuga ko atari ko byari bimeze, kuko yashakaga ko uwo afashije amwunamira, atabikora akamurwanya.

Ati “Ni umuntu mbere na mbere yari we, wenda kugira ngo abigereho akaba yakumva ko hari ibyo yatanga ariko ubishyize mu buyobozi bukwiriye, Gaddafi yari umunyagitugu mubi.”

Gaddafi yari yarashwanye n’abakoloni b’abanyaburayi guhera mu myaka ya 1988 ubwo yahanuraga indege yabo igahitana abantu 243 mu cyiswe Lockerbie bombing. Yarabyiyemereye ndetse mu 2003 atanga impozamarira ku miryango y’abayiguyemo.

Ubwiyemezi bwe ku bazungu no mu minsi ye ya nyuma yarabugaragaje. Muribuka yigamba ko inyeshyamba zamuteye atari abantu, ahubwo ari ‘imbeba’ kandi ubwo mubo yavugaga hari harimo n’ingabo za Amerika, u Bufaransa n’u Bwongereza.

Mu mwaka wa 2010 ubwo abimukira b’abirabura bari bari kujya mu Burayi ku bwinshi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, yarihanukiriye abwira Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ‘kumuha amafaranga akabahagarikira abo bimukira’, bitaba ibyo ‘u Burayi bukazisanga butuwe n’abirabura gusa’.

N’uyu munsi Abanyafurika benshi baracyamubona nk’uwazize ubusa, wagambaniwe n’abazungu ndetse n’abanyafurika bagenzi be.

Icyo kibazo nakibajije Ambasaderi Nsengimana, impamvu batagerageje kumurwanaho nk’umunyafurika mugenzi wabo, kugeza ubwo ingabo za NATO zimurasiye mu modoka, inyeshyamba zikamwishima hejuru zimupfura imisatsi kugeza zimwishe.

Ambasaderi Nsengimana yavuze ko Gaddafi atari ashyigikiwe cyane muri AU kuko yakundaga kubibamo amacakubiri. Yatanze urugero rw’umunsi yigeze gusanga abadipolomate Addis Abeba, agasanga badafashwe neza.

Ati “We yahise atanga igitekerezo, ngo nta mpamvu twaguma hano, ati reka tubajyane Sirte mbahe umujyi wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, aho buri gihugu kizaba gifite residence n’ibiro ku ngengo y’imari ya Libya. Ubwabyo byari uguteranya abanyafurika. Mwari Addis, niho ku cyicaro, none ati ‘njye ndabyimura’. Byose byatumaga atumvikana muri AU.”

U Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bya Afurika byamuteye umugongo bwa mbere mu minsi ye ya nyuma, rutitaye ku ishoramari mu bigo by’itumanaho nka Rwandatel, Hotel Meridien n’ibindi.

Mu kiganiro Perezida Kagame yagiranye na Financial Times mu mwaka wa 2017, yavuze ko Gaddafi bakundaga gushwana bya hato na hato bitewe n’uburyo yiremerezaga.

Ati “Ni uko yifuzaga kugaragara nk’umwami wa Afurika ubundi agategeka abandi ababwira ibyo bagomba gukora. Hari ubwo numvaga kubyihanganira binaniye.”

Hari umunsi Perezida Kagame na Gaddafi bigeze gushwana, Gaddafi amutunga intoki Perezida Kagame amuha gasopo.Ati “Na rimwe, na rimwe, ntuzongere kuntunga urutoki umbwira ibintu nk’ibyo.”

Gushaka guhaka u Rwanda yari yarabitangiye mbere. Mu 1999, Ambasaderi Nsengimana yavuze uburyo uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda yagiye mu birori muri Libya, we n’itsinda ryamuherekeje bagategwa utwuma dufata amajwi mu byumba bararagamo.

Mu mwaka wa 2010 kandi muri Ambasade ya Libya mu Rwanda hafatiwe imbunda zari kwifashishwa mu guhungabanya umutekano.

Abayobozi benshi ba Afurika bari bamurambiwe

Si u Rwanda gusa rwasaga nk’urumurambiwe kuko abakuru b’ibihugu bya Afurika benshi basaga n’abarambiwe imyitwarire ya Gaddafi. Urugero rwa hafi ni Perezida wa Uganda Yoweri Museveni, nubwo kuri ubu asigaye amushimagiza nk’utari ukwiriye gupfa urwo yapfuye.

Hari inama yabereye muri Uganda mu 2010, bamwe mu barinzi ba Gaddaffi bashaka kwinjiza imbunda mu cyumba cyari cyabereyemo inama, aba Museveni bamubera ibamba.

Inama irangiye, Museveni na Gaddafi bagaragaye basa nk’abatongana, batumvikana ku buryo ingabo ze zashakaga kwinjiza imbunda mu nama.

Gaddaffi avugana na Museveni mu 2010 mu nama yari yabereye i Kampala

Habura amezi atatu ngo Gaddafi yicwe, ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika byari byamaze kumukuraho amaboko birimo n’ibyahoze ari somambike bye nka Senegal, Mauritania, Liberia, Tchad, Gambia n’ibindi.

Iminsi ya nyuma ya Gaddafi kandi yamufatanyije n’ubukene kubera gukomanyirizwa impande zose. Loni yari imaze iminsi imufatiye ibihano, ubucuruzi bwa Libya n’ibindi bihugu burakomanyirizwa ku buryo konti z’icyo gihugu mu mahanga n’izabakiyoboraga zari zifunze.

Prof Nsengimana yavuze ko hari abanyafurika bamuretse kuko n’ubundi babonaga ntacyo azabagezaho.

Ati “Ntabwo navuga ko abanyafurika batari bamwishimiye bose cyangwa bari bamwanze bose ariko ntabwo yari afite isura we yashakaga kwiha […] ku banyafurika bamwe babyakiriye uko biri, ko yikururiye, banavuga bati n’ubundi ntacyo yari kuzatumarira kubera ko yazanagamo ayo macakubiri yo muri AU.”

Gaddafi asa nk’uwapfanye na Libya kuko nyuma y’imyaka icumi yishwe, Libya yabuze amahoro. Ubu igihugu kiyobowe na Guverinoma ebyiri zidacana uwaka, gushyira hamwe byarananiranye. Na ya mahanga yabadukanye ingoga mu gukuraho Gaddaffi, yananiwe kumvikana kugira uruhande rumwe ashyigikira rushobora gusubiza ibintu ku murongo.

Gaddaffi ntiyaburaga ahabereye inama za Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, dore ko igihugu cye cyari mu bya mbere bitera inkunga uwo muryango

Gaddaffi yashatse kenshi gukoresha AU mu nyungu ze bwite, ndetse yigeze gusaba ko icyicaro cyayo cyava muri Ethiopia kikajya muri Libya

Gaddaffi yamaze imyaka 40 ku butegetsi, afatwa nk'umwe mu bayobozi bakomeye muri Afurika

Gaddaffi yishwe hashize amezi umunani hatangiye imyigaragambyo mu gihugu cye, ishyigikiwe n'ibihugu by'i Burayi na Amerika

Gaddaffi asoma agatabo yiyandikiye kazwi nka 'Green Book', kafatwaga nk'Itegeko Nshinga rya Libya

Abakobwa bazwi nka 'Amazons' barindaga Gaddaffi aho agiye hose

Mu myigaragambyo yaganishije ku iyicwa rye, abigaragambya basabaga ko Gaddaffi ava ku butegetsi ariko we akababera ibamba